目的 以马铃薯废渣为原料， 制取复合涂膜剂对苹果进行保鲜， 研究马铃薯废渣的新用途。方法 以马铃薯废渣为原料， 通过溶媒法制取羧甲基纤维素， 将羧甲基纤维素与壳聚糖、 纳米SiOx混合制得涂膜剂， 对苹果进行涂膜保鲜； 通过正交实验优化实验方案， 确定富士苹果最佳保鲜处理方案。结果 保鲜效果最佳的复合涂膜剂配方为羧甲基纤维素、 壳聚糖、 纳米SiOx和丙三醇的质量分数分别为0.5%， 1.5%， 0.1%和0.75%。复合涂膜剂有效抑制了苹果的呼吸作用， 延缓了果实的衰老， 降低了果实的失重率， 减缓了有机酸的消耗， 抑制了果实硬度的下降和病菌对苹果的侵染。结论 实验研究结果拓展了马铃薯废渣的用途， 为马铃薯废渣处理提供了借鉴。

This research studied the new application of potato waste residue which was used to produce a composite coating to preserve apples. The solvent method was used to prepare carboxymethyl cellulose with potato waste residue as the raw material. Then carboxymethyl cellulose was mixed with chitosan and nano SiOx to make coatings for apples. Finally, the optimum preservative solution of apples was determined by the orthogonal test. The experimental results showed that the best regimen for apple coating was 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.5% chitosan, 0.1% nano SiOx and 0.75% glycerol. The composite membrane effectively suppressed respiration of apples, postponed fruit aging, reduced fruit weight loss rate, slowed the consumption of organic acids, and inhibited the hardness decline and bacterial infection of apples. In conclusion, the experimental results expanded the use of potato waste residue and provide reference for treatment of potato waste residue.