目的 采用有限元数值模拟方法研究空气垫在静态压缩时的力学性能， 以便更直观、 系统地了解空气垫的静态压缩力学行为。方法 以柱状空气垫为对象， 建立空气垫的静态压缩物理模型和力学模型， 并基于该有限元模型模拟该结构的静态压缩过程， 分析结构尺寸和充气压力对其静态缓冲性能的影响， 得到空气垫在不同压缩量下的应力分布规律和变形特点。同时， 将试验结果与模拟结果进行对比。结果 空气垫的变形是从接触钢板的地方开始的， 上下位置同时被压缩， 有限元分析结果与试验结果吻合良好。结论 所建立的有限元模型和数值模拟方法结果准确、 合理。

To study the mechanical properties of air cushion under static compression using the finite element numerical simulation method, in order to understand the static compression mechanical behavior of air cushion more directly and systematically. Column air cushion was taken as the object in this paper. The physical model and mechanical model of static compression of the air cushion were built. The static compression of the structure was simulated by finite element method (FEM). The effects of the physical dimension and the pressure of filling atmospheric on air cushion were analyzed, and the stress distribution and deformation characteristics of air cushion under different compression amount were obtained. Meanwhile, the simulation results were compared with the test results. The deformation of air cushion started from the contact surfaces, and both the upper and lower surfaces were compressed at the same time. The results of finite element analysis were in good agreement with the experimental results. The finite element model established and the numerical simulation results and method were accurate and reasonable.