目的 研究适用于某弹体药筒传火孔的检测系统及精确测量技术。 方法 搭建典型的机器视觉硬件系统和专用台架； 采用 Canny 算子和 Otsu 算法定位像素级边缘， 沿其梯度方向运用多项式拟合，以精确定位小孔边缘轮廓， 并据此编制软件系统； 分别多次测量同一和多个小孔做对比试验。 结果该系统的检测精度能够达到 5 μm， 具有较高的重复性， 且测量过程不受主观因素的影响。 结论 系统能够满足± 0.01 mm的检验精度指标，所采用的图像测量技术可用于小尺寸孔径的精确测量。

Objective To investigate the detection system and the precision measurement technology applicable for the small size fire hole of cartridge case. Methods A typical machine vision hardware and a dedicated bench were built. After pixel-level edge detection using Canny operator and Otsu algorithm, polynomial fitting along the gradient direction was used to precise positioning edge profile, and the corresponding program was compiled. Multiple measurements were performed with the same and a plurality of holes for comparison tests. Results The detection accuracy of the system could reach 5 μ m. The measurement process, with a high reproducibility, was not affected by subjective factors. Conclusion The system could meet the inspection accuracy specifications of ± 0.01mm, and the technique could be used for precise measurement of small pore size.