目的 模拟缓冲包装材料在航天产品运输过程中的使用情况。 方法 对比并研究了常态及经过高低温循环处理的聚酰亚胺泡沫缓冲材料,在预压缩处理前后力学性能和回弹性能变化。 结果 经过预压缩处理后,常态和高低温循环处理的聚酰亚胺泡沫件回弹量分别为 97 . 15% ,96 . 73% 。 2 组静态压缩试验中,未预压处理的聚酰亚胺泡沫静态压缩恒载荷存储后,常态与高低温循环处理试件的残余形变分别为 8 . 83% ,9 . 86% ;预压缩处理后的泡沫经过恒形变存储后,残余形变分别为 3 . 69% ,4 . 78% ,与未预压试件相比,残余形变分别减少了 5 . 14% ,5 . 08% 。 结论 高低温交变并未对泡沫回弹情况产生较大影响,有无预压缩 2 组试件分别呈现不同的回弹性能,经过预压处理,聚酰亚胺泡沫泡孔结构残余形变适当,聚酰亚胺泡沫结构更加紧密,材质变硬,其承受载荷能力更强,受力后回复性更好。

Objective The aim of the test was to simulate the use status of cushion package material during the transportation of aerospace products. Methods The mechanics and rebound performance of the normal and high-low-temperature cycled polyimide foam were investigated and compared with preloading and no preloading samples. Results After treated with preloading, the springback amount of the normal and high-low-temperature cycled polyimide foam pieces was 97. 15% and 96. 73% , respectively; for the two groups of static compression test, after storage under static compression and constant load, the polyimide foam without preloading treatment showed residual deformation of 8. 83% and 9. 86% after normal and high-low temperature circulation processing, while the residual deformation after constant deformation storage was 3. 69% and 4. 78% for the foam cushion subjected to pre-compression processing, which was decreased by 5. 14% and 5. 08% compared with the specimens without preloading. Conclusion High and low temperature alternation did not largely influence the springback situation of the specimens; the two groups of specimens with or without preloading presented different resilience, after preloading process,the polyimide foam pore structure showed proper residual deformation, resulting in more compact structure of polyimide foam,which hardened the material, and increased the load bearing ability, therefore, the resilience was better.