颗粒填充型复合材料在包装中的应用越来越广泛，材料的性能在本质上由其结构决定。从颗粒填充型复合材料的结构模型的建立、边界条件、界面分析和网格划分4个角度，对用有限元法研究颗粒填充型复合材料的力学性能进行了介绍与分析。重点对比说明了基于几何建模的周期性单胞单颗粒模型、多颗粒模型和基于实际微观结构的有限元模型，归纳了各种模型的边界条件设置，并讨论说明了界面性质和网格划分对预测复合材料力学性能结果的影响。此外，还展望了有限元法研究其他复合材料力学性能的发展方向。

Particle-filled composites are more and more widely in packaging, whose properties are determined by their structure. Finite element simulation of particle-filled composites were introduced and analyzed from four points, which were establishment of the model, boundary condition, interface analysis, and partition of meshes. Single particle cell model, multi-particle cell model, and microstructure-based model were compared. Boundary conditions of all kinds of models were summarized. The effect interface properties and partition of meshes on prediction of the mechanical properties of composites was discussed. The application of finite element analysis in other composites was prospected.