目的 提出一种基于FeSiAl合金相变调控的电磁性能协同优化方法,设计出适用于P-L-S频段宽带强吸收的吸波剂。方法 通过Cr与Mn的固溶掺杂,提高FeSiAl合金A2相向DO3相有序化转变的能垒,使亚稳态B2相能够稳定保留。采用真空熔炼、气雾化、搅拌球磨与热处理,在Fe81.8Si4.8Al5.4(Cr8-xMnx)合金微粉中实现对该效应的精确调控。结果 掺杂原子的引入成功构建了A2、B2和DO3三相共存的微观结构,B2相在500 ℃退火后可稳定保留体积分数为14.9%。各物相的自然共振频谱叠加,使1~6 GHz的磁导率虚部提升约30%。同时,Mn原子的固溶降低了合金粉体的电导率,使复介电常数降低至有利于阻抗匹配的区间。当吸波材料厚度为2.0 mm时,1.93~5.38 GHz的反射率RL≤-5 dB,吸收带宽达到3.45 GHz,较非掺杂样品提升了83.5%。结论 通过调控相变动力学构建多相异质结构,可有效协调FeSiAl合金电磁响应,实现微波低频宽带吸收。
Abstract
The work aims to propose a collaborative optimization method of electromagnetic properties based on phase transformation regulation of FeSiAl alloy, and design an absorber suitable for strong broadband absorption in P-L-S band. The energy barrier of ordering transformation from A2 phase to DO3 phase in FeSiAl alloy was improved through solid solution doping of Cr and Mn, so that the metastable B2 phase could be stably retained. The precise control of this effect was achieved in Fe81.8Si4.8Al5.4(Cr8-xMnx) alloy powders by vacuum melting, gas atomization, stirring ball milling and heat treatment. The introduction of doped atoms successfully constructed the microstructure of A2, B2 and DO3 under three-phase coexistence. The B2 phase was stably retained at 14.9 at.% after annealing at 500 °C. The superposition of the natural resonance spectrum of each phase increased the imaginary part of the permeability of 1-6 GHz by about 30%. At the same time, the solid solution of Mn atoms reduced the conductivity of the alloy powder, so that the complex dielectric constant was reduced to a range conducive to impedance matching. When the thickness of the absorbing material was 2.0 mm, the reflectivity RL was ≤-5 dB from 1.93 GHz to 5.38 GHz, and the absorption bandwidth reached 3.45 GHz, which was 83.5% higher than that of the undoped sample. The heterogeneous structure constructed by adjusting the phase transformation kinetics can effectively coordinate the electromagnetic response of FeSiAl alloy and realize the low-frequency broadband absorption of microwaves.
关键词
FeSiAl合金 /
磁共振 /
微波吸收 /
低频
Key words
FeSiAl alloy /
magnetic resonance /
microwave absorption /
low-frequency
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基金
北新集团建材股份有限公司重大科技计划课题（CXY2025060101）;陕西省人工结构功能材料与器件重点实验室开放基金（AFMD-KFJJ-24202）
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