目的 本研究对某压水堆相关组件运输容器开展屏蔽设计分析,以确保其设计满足放射性物品运输法规中所要求的剂量率限值。方法 本文采用三维屏蔽分析程序开展相关组件运输容器屏蔽设计研究,通过对容器周向和轴向不同位置进行剂量率监测,从而找到容器屏蔽设计薄弱位置,并在正常运输工况和事故工况下进行重点监测。结果 分析结果显示,在圆周方向,距离源棒最近的-45°方向剂量率最大;在轴向,旋转凹槽处剂量率最大。正常运输工况下容器旋转凹槽处剂量率最大为2.43 mSv/h,满足按独家使用方式运输货包表面剂量率不超过10 mSv/h的限值要求;容器外表面2 m处最大剂量率为0.081 mSv/h,满足常规运输条件下距离运输工具外表面2 m处的辐射水平应不超过0.1 mSv/h的限值要求。实际运输过程中容器端部会加装减震器,旋转凹槽处将被运输托架耳轴填充,实际货包表面及距运输工具2 m处剂量率将进一步降低。事故工况下距容器表面1 m处最大剂量率为7.42 mSv/h,满足事故工况下距离货包表面1 m处剂量率不超过10 mSv/h的限值要求。结论 本文的分析结果为后续相关组件运输容器屏蔽设计优化提供了依据。
Abstract
The work aims to conduct shielding design analysis on a transport cask for pressurized water reactor (PWR) related components, to ensure that the design meets the dose rate limits specified in the regulations for the transport of radioactive materials. The 3D shielding analysis code was used to perform shielding design optimization analysis for the related component transport cask. Dose rate monitoring was carried out at different circumferential and axial positions of the cask to identify the weak points in the shielding design, and key monitoring was performed under normal transport conditions and accident conditions. The analysis results showed that in the circumferential direction, the maximum dose rate occurred at -45° direction closest to the source rod; in the axial direction, the maximum dose rate was found at the rotating groove. Under normal transport conditions, the maximum dose rate on the cask surface was 2.43 mSv/h, which met the exclusive use limit of 10 mSv/h; the maximum dose rate at 2 m from the lower end surface of the cask was 0.081 mSv/h, satisfying the requirement that the dose rate at 2 m from the package should be less than 0.1 mSv/h. Considering that limiters need to be installed at the ends of the cask along with support skid and personnel barrier guards mounted on the exterior during normal transport conditions, the rotating grooves would be filled by the trunnions of the support skid, so the dose rate on surface and at 2 m from the cask would be further reduced. Under accident conditions, the maximum dose rate at 1 m from the cask surface was 7.42 mSv/h, which met the limit of 10 mSv/h. The analysis results of this paper provide a basis for the subsequent optimization of the shielding design of related components transport casks.
关键词
运输容器 /
屏蔽设计 /
安全分析 /
压水堆
Key words
transport cask /
shielding design /
safety analysis /
pressurized water reactor (PWR)
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