极端辐射环境自动化装备关键技术综述

张沛东; 曹新; 李佳根; 张煜航; 荣誉; 焦力敏; 庄大杰; 孙洪超

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.13.031

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包装工程（技术栏目） ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (13) : 289-297. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.13.031

装备防护

极端辐射环境自动化装备关键技术综述

张沛东¹, 曹新², 李佳根², 张煜航¹, 荣誉¹, 焦力敏¹, 庄大杰^1*, 孙洪超¹

作者信息 +

Review on Key Technologies of Automation Equipment in Extreme Radiation Environment

ZHANG Peidong¹, CAO Xin², LI Jiagen², ZHANG Yuhang¹, RONG Yu¹, JIAO Limin¹, ZHUANG Dajie^1*, SUN Hongchao¹

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文章历史 +

摘要

目的系统综述极端辐射环境下自动化装备技术进展、应用瓶颈与未来趋势,为相关研发与应用提供参考。方法首先梳理关键技术体系;其次归纳在核设施退役、核燃料循环、废物处理与辐射监测等场景中的典型应用;进而从感知、控制、执行及抗辐射设计等维度总结最新研究进展;最后揭示当前面临的主要技术瓶颈。结果自动化设备已从早期遥操作机械臂逐步向半自主、智能化系统发展,在退役拆除、燃料操作、废物包装与辐射监测等方面取得了系列应用成果。然而抗辐射电子与材料的长期可靠性、复杂结构环境下的精准感知与定位、远程操作的人机交互效率,以及系统安全验证与监管认可度等为后续挑战。结论未来模块化、智能化与协同化发展,深度融合数字孪生、多模态感知与AI决策。突破抗辐射器件、跨领域技术融合及标准化验证体系是推动其工程应用的关键。

Abstract

The work aims to systematically summarize the technical progress, application bottlenecks and future trend of automation equipment in extreme radiation environment, and provide reference for related research and development and application. Firstly, the key technical system was sorted out. Secondly, the typical applications in nuclear facilities decommissioning, nuclear fuel cycle, waste treatment and radiation monitoring were summarized. Then, the latest research progress was reviewed from the dimensions of perception, control, execution and anti-radiation design; Finally, the main technical bottlenecks were revealed. Automation equipment has gradually developed from the early teleoperation manipulator to a semi-autonomous and intelligent system, and has achieved a series of application results in decommissioning and dismantling, fuel operation, waste packaging and radiation monitoring. However, the long-term reliability of radiation-resistant electronics and materials, accurate sensing and positioning in complex structural environment, human-computer interaction efficiency of remote operation, and system safety verification and regulatory recognition are the follow-up challenges. In the future, modularization, intelligence and collaboration will develop, and digital twinning, multimodal perception and AI decision-making will be deeply integrated. Breakthrough of anti-radiation devices, cross-domain technology integration and standardized verification system are the keys to promote its engineering application.

导出引用

张沛东, 曹新, 李佳根, 张煜航, 荣誉, 焦力敏, 庄大杰, 孙洪超. 极端辐射环境自动化装备关键技术综述[J]. 包装工程. 2026, 47(13): 289-297 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.13.031

ZHANG Peidong, CAO Xin, LI Jiagen, ZHANG Yuhang, RONG Yu, JIAO Limin, ZHUANG Dajie, SUN Hongchao. Review on Key Technologies of Automation Equipment in Extreme Radiation Environment[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(13): 289-297 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.13.031

中图分类号： TB486

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