目的 为优化核电站固体废物压实打包系统中2 000 t超压机的工作参数。方法 本文选取塑料、橡胶、纸、薄壁金属和织物5种核电站典型固体废物模拟物项作为压缩对象,系统研究压实力、保压时间等关键工艺参数对超压效果的影响,并对不同类型废物形成的桶饼在长时间存放过程中的反弹量进行测量,统计分析其规律。结果 试验结果表明,随着超压机的压实力增大,其对减容效果的贡献率逐渐降低;保压时间对超压效果无显著影响,桶饼的反弹量不会随卸压后的时间延长而明显增加。结论 基于试验规律给出分档加压、缩短保压的工艺参数优化方案,可在保障减容指标不变的前提下降低设备能耗与机件磨损,为核电固体废物压实打包生产线工艺优化提供实测数据支撑。
Abstract
To optimize the operational parameters of the 2 000-ton super compactor in the solid waste compaction and packaging system of the nuclear power plant, the work aims to select five typical categories of solid wastes from nuclear power plants, including plastics, rubber, paper, thin-walled metals, and textiles to systematically investigate the effects of key process parameters such as compaction force and holding time on the super compactor. Furthermore, the rebound behavior of pellets derived from different technical waste types is measured and statistically evaluated over extended storage periods. Experimental results demonstrated that the contribution of compaction force to volume reduction efficiency diminished with the increasing force magnitude. The holding time exhibited no significant impact on super compactor outcomes and the rebound of pellets did not increase substantially over time. Based on experimental laws, an optimized process parameter scheme featuring stepped pressurization and shortened pressure holding time is proposed. This scheme can reduce equipment energy consumption and component wear while maintaining unchanged volume reduction indicators, and provides measured data support for process tuning of the nuclear solid waste compaction line.
关键词
固体废物 /
超级压实 /
桶饼高度 /
压实力 /
反弹
Key words
solid waste /
super compactor /
pellet height /
compaction force /
rebound
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