目的 针对弹药运输过程中的高速冲击事故,基于包装动力学理论开展弹药运输容器抗高速冲击防护结构优化研究,提升其生存能力和安全性。方法 建立弹药-容器耦合动力学模型,设计金属-聚脲外涂层、内衬和夹层3种复合结构,采用LS-DYNA模拟12.2 m/s和38.1 m/s冲击下的容器响应,以金属厚度、聚脲厚度、加强筋间距为设计变量,以弹药加速度峰值、容器质量、变形量为优化目标,采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法进行多目标优化。结果 构型C防护效果最优,加速度峰值降低了42%、变形量减少了46%;聚脲厚度最优区间为4~5 mm;优化方案（金属基体厚度为3.2 mm、聚脲夹层厚度为4.5 mm、加强筋间距为180 mm）使加速度降低了46%、变形量减少了46.6%,质量仅增加了18.5%。结论 将包装动力学与应变率敏感材料相结合,可显著提升弹药运输容器的抗高速冲击性能,为危险品运输容器的轻量化高防护设计提供理论依据。
Abstract
To address high-velocity impact accidents during ammunition transportation, the work aims to conduct optimization research on the protective structures of ammunition transport containers against high-velocity impact based on packaging dynamics theory, so as to enhance their survivability and safety. A coupled dynamics model of the ammunition-container system was established, and three types of composite structures such as metal-polyurea outer coating, lining and interlayer were designed. The container responses under impact velocities of 12.2 m/s and 38.1 m/s were simulated with the LS-DYNA explicit dynamics method. By taking metal thickness, polyurea thickness, and stiffener spacing as design variables, and peak acceleration of ammunition, container mass, and maximum deformation as optimization objectives, multi-objective optimization was carried out with the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm. Configuration C exhibited the optimal protective effect, reducing the peak acceleration by 42% and deformation by 46% and the optimal polyurea thickness range was 4-5 mm. The optimized scheme (metal thickness 3.2 mm, polyurea thickness 4.5 mm, stiffener spacing 180 mm) reduced the peak acceleration by 46% and deformation by 46.6% compared to the bare container, with a mass increase of only 18.5%. Combining packaging dynamics theory with strain-rate sensitive materials can significantly improve the high-velocity impact resistance of ammunition transport containers, providing a theoretical basis for the lightweight and high-protection design of military hazardous material transport containers.
关键词
包装动力学 /
运输容器 /
高速冲击 /
聚脲弹性体 /
多目标优化 /
有限元分析
Key words
packaging dynamics /
transport container /
high-velocity impact /
polyurea elastomer /
multi-objective optimization /
finite element analysis
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基金
重庆市教委人文社会科学研究项目（25SKGH089）; 重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究规划重点项目（22SKGH159）
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