目的 研究双层气肋梁在均布荷载下的弯曲性能及内压对刚度的增强规律,建立跨尺寸的无量纲分析框架。方法 设计浮力变化加载装置,对半径-厚度比（后文简称径厚比）为368的伞布梁和径厚比为61的涤纶梁进行多级内压下的均布加载试验。基于两端固定梁理论,由实测跨中位移-荷载数据反算等效弯曲刚度。引入无量纲刚度和无量纲内压消除尺寸和材料差异的影响。结果 2类气肋梁的等效弯曲刚度均随内压线性增长,伞布梁在5~20 kPa内压下刚度增幅为125.5%,涤纶梁在35~100 kPa内压下刚度增幅为104.4%。几何非线性引起的刚度计算误差小于0.7%,可忽略。通过无量纲分析得到伞布梁、涤纶梁的无量纲刚度与无量纲内压之间的线性关系,基于应力刚化理论反演得到二者的内压效率系数分别为0.026和0.566。结论 无量纲分析揭示了径厚比是影响内压效率的关键参数,径厚比越小,内压效率越高。建立的无量纲分析框架实现了气肋梁的跨尺寸性能预测,为充气结构工程设计提供了理论依据。
Abstract
The work aims to investigate the flexural behavior of double-layer inflatable beams under uniformly distributed loads and the enhancement law of internal pressure on stiffness, and to establish a cross-scale dimensionless analysis framework. A buoyancy-varied loading device was designed to conduct uniformly distributed load tests under multi-level internal pressures on umbrella fabric beams with a radius-to-thickness ratio of 368 and polyester fabric beams with a radius-to-thickness ratio of 61. Based on the fixed-end beam theory, the equivalent bending stiffness was back-calculated from the measured mid-span displacement-load data. Dimensionless stiffness and dimensionless internal pressure were introduced to eliminate the effect of dimensional and material differences. The equivalent bending stiffness of both types of inflatable beams increased linearly with internal pressure. The stiffness of umbrella fabric beams increased by 125.5% under internal pressures of 5-20 kPa, while that of polyester fabric beams increased by 104.4% under 35-100 kPa. The calculation error caused by geometric nonlinearity was less than 0.7%, which was negligible. Through dimensionless analysis, linear relationships between dimensionless stiffness and dimensionless internal pressure were obtained for both beam types. Based on stress stiffening theory, the internal pressure efficiency coefficients were derived as 0.026 for umbrella fabric beams and 0.566 for polyester fabric beams. Dimensionless analysis reveals that the radius-to-thickness ratio is a key parameter affecting internal pressure enhancement efficiency, that is the smaller the radius-to-thickness ratio, the higher the internal pressure efficiency. The established dimensionless analysis framework enables cross-scale performance prediction of inflatable beams and provides a theoretical basis for the engineering design of inflatable structures.
关键词
双层气肋梁 /
弯曲性能试验 /
无量纲分析 /
半径-厚度比（径厚比） /
内压效率
Key words
double-layer inflatable beam /
flexural behavior test /
dimensionless analysis /
radius-to-thickness ratio /
internal pressure efficiency
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2023YFC3011903）
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