目的 为实现蓄冷箱保温时间的精准预测,并系统分析其误差来源,为蓄冷箱结构优化与高效保温性能提升提供科学依据,进而支撑冷链物流行业的高质量发展。方法 研究先剖析箱体传热特性与热阻,融合箱体热容,建立保温时间预测公式;再通过Fluent软件仿真,对比4种情况下的仿真结果、所推公式结果与现有公式结果,探究误差来源。结果 结果表明,小型蓄冷箱中原点不是最晚达到保温极限的点;保温材料、蓄冷剂及保温温度范围均影响误差。所推公式误差与箱内容积负相关、与保温层厚度正相关,容积为0.216 m3时误差均小于5%,容积大、保温层薄时其误差更优,误差源于热流非理想化流动。结论 明确了预测公式误差与结构参数的关联及误差产生的核心原因,可为蓄冷箱保温时间预测及结构优化提供参考。
Abstract
The work aims to achieve accurate prediction of the thermal insulation time of cold storage containers and systematically analyze the sources of errors therein, so as to provide a scientific basis for the structural optimization of cold storage containers and the improvement of their efficient thermal insulation performance, thereby supporting the high-quality development of the cold chain logistics industry. Firstly, the heat transfer characteristics and thermal resistance of the container were analyzed and a prediction formula for thermal insulation time was established by integrating the heat capacity of the container. Then, the Fluent software was adopted for simulation. The results of simulation, the derived formula and the existing formulas under four scenarios were compared to explore the sources of errors. The results showed that the origin point in the small cold storage container was not the point that reached the thermal insulation limit the latest; insulation materials, cold storage agents and insulation temperature ranges all affected the errors. The error of the derived formula was negatively correlated with the internal volume of the container and positively correlated with the thickness of the insulation layer. When the volume was 0.216 m3, the errors were all less than 5%, and the formula had better error performance when the volume was large and the insulation layer was thin. The errors originated from the non-ideal flow of heat flux. This study clarifies the correlation between the error of the prediction formula and structural parameters, as well as the core causes of error occurrence. It provides a reference for the prediction of thermal insulation time and structural optimization of cold storage containers.
关键词
冷链物流 /
蓄冷箱 /
传热热阻分析 /
误差分析
Key words
cold chain logistics /
cold storage container /
heat transfer thermal resistance analysis /
error analysis
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基金
昆明理工大学人才培养基金资助项目（KKZ3202401139）
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