目的 提高胶水点胶工艺中液滴尺寸铺展的精度,分析撞针式点胶阀的液滴铺展行为,解决液滴尺寸可预测性和可控性。方法 基于ANSYS Fluent构建撞针式点胶阀喷射液滴的瞬态仿真模型,耦合多相流VOF模型和动网格技术,分析供料气压、撞针抬升系数、开阀时间和甘油体积分数对铺展直径的作用机制;同时,搭建高精度实验平台进行实验验证,确保数据可靠性。结果 液滴铺展过程呈现“冲击-扩张-回缩-稳定”4个动态阶段;供料气压、撞针抬升系数和开阀时间的增大均会显著增加液滴铺展直径,而甘油体积分数的增大则会导致铺展直径减小;实验与仿真结果的相对误差范围为2.05%~4.63%,验证了模型的有效性。结论 建立并验证了能够准确复现撞针式点胶阀液滴铺展动态过程的有限元仿真模型,基于该模型揭示了供料气压、撞针抬升系数、开阀时间及甘油体积分数4个关键工艺参数对液滴最终铺展直径的定量影响规律。为点胶工艺中液滴铺展机理提供了有效分析工具,所明确的参数调控规律为液滴铺展直径控制精度的提升提供了理论依据与工艺指导。
Abstract
The work aims to analyze the droplet spreading behavior of needle dispensing valves to improve the predictability and controllability of droplet size so as to improve the precision of droplet size spreading in the glue dispensing process for packaging materials. A transient simulation model for droplet ejection from the needle dispensing valve was developed by ANSYS Fluent, incorporating the VOF multiphase flow model and dynamic mesh technology. This model was used to analyze the effects of supply pressure, needle lift coefficient, valve opening time, and glycerol volume fraction on the spreading diameter. Concurrently, a high-precision experimental platform was established for validation to ensure data reliability. The results showed that the droplet spreading process exhibited four dynamic stages of "impact, expansion, contraction, and stabilization". Increases in supply pressure, needle lift coefficient, and valve opening time all significantly enlarged the droplet spreading diameter, whereas an increase in the glycerol volume fraction reduces it. The relative error between experimental and simulation data ranges from 2.05% to 4.63%, validating the model's effectiveness. In conclusion, a finite element simulation model capable of accurately replicating the dynamic droplet spreading process of the needle dispensing valve is established and validated. Based on this model, the quantitative influence laws of key process parameters—supply pressure, needle lift coefficient, valve opening time, and glycerol volume fraction—on the final spreading diameter are revealed. This research provides an effective analysis tool for the droplet spreading mechanism in dispensing processes. The clarified parameter regulation principles offer theoretical basis and process guidance for enhancing the control precision of droplet spreading diameter.
关键词
撞针式点胶阀 /
液滴铺展 /
多相流模型 /
有限元仿真
Key words
needle dispensing valve /
droplet spreading /
multiphase flow model /
finite element simulation
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基金
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划重点项目（2022JZ-30）
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