目的 生鲜食用农产品生产者标识是全链条追溯体系的核心载体,但其责任主体模糊与过程信息缺失问题严重制约了追溯效能。针对生鲜食用农产品生产者标识存在的责任主体模糊、过程信息缺失、追溯效能不足等现实问题,明确生鲜农产品生产者标识的核心要素与规范要求,本文构建适用于全链条追溯的生产者标识双要素规范,为完善生鲜农产品追溯体系、提升标识规范性提供理论依据与实践参考。方法 本研究通过规范比较分析,对比欧盟（EC）No 178/2002、美国FSMA等国际法规和实证调研：4家超市256个样本,系统评估国内生产者标识现状。结果 总体完整标签仅为73.97%,超市间差异显著（30.95%⁓98.31%）;不完整标签中72.3%存在责任主体缺失（如仅标注“云南大理”）,21.97%缺失过程名称（如未说明“种植者”或“加工商”）;品类差异显著,各农产品存在不完整标签占总数的百分比从大到小排序为水果（33.3%）、蔬菜（包括食用菌）（29.4%）、肉制品（16.7%）、水产品（15.7%）、蛋类（4.9%）。结论 基于此,提出“责任主体+过程名称”双要素规范框架：强制标注注册企业名/SC编码（责任主体）,鼓励标注“种植者”“进口商”等过程名称。本研究为政策修订和实践改进提供了科学依据。

The producer identification of fresh edible agricultural products is the core carrier of the full-chain traceability system, but the ambiguity of the responsible entity and the lack of process information seriously restrict the traceability efficiency. In response to practical challenges in the producer identification of fresh agricultural products, such as ambiguous responsible entities, lack of process information, and insufficient traceability effectiveness, the work aims to define the core elements and regulatory requirements for producer identification of fresh agricultural products and establish a dual-element specification for producer identification applicable to the full chain, providing a theoretical basis and practical reference for improving the traceability system of fresh agricultural products and enhancing the standardization of identification. A normative comparative analysis was conducted, comparing international regulations such as EU (EC) No 178/2002 and the U.S. FSMA, alongside empirical research involving 256 samples from 4 supermarkets, to systematically evaluate the current state of Chinese producer identification. The overall complete label rate was only 73.97%, with significant differences among supermarkets (30.95%-98.31%). Among the incomplete labels, 72.3% lacked the responsible entity (e.g., only marked with "Dali, Yunnan"), and 21.97% lacked the process name (e.g., no "grower" or "processor"). There were significant differences among categories, with the percentages of incomplete labels for various agricultural products ranked in descending order as follows: fruits (33.3%), vegetables (including edible fungi) (29.4%), meat products (16.7%), aquatic products (15.7%), and eggs (4.9%). Based on this, a dual-element normative framework of "responsible entity + process name" is proposed: mandatory marking of registered enterprise name/SC code (responsible entity), and encouragement to mark process names such as "grower" and "importer". This study provides a scientific basis for policy revision and practical improvement.