静电纺PLA/CNC-g-PLLA复合纤维膜的制备及性能研究

贾清平; 李兴梅; 刘杨; 张宏宇; 骆洋洋; 莫语婷

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.05.002

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包装工程（技术栏目） ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5) : 10-19. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.05.002

先进材料

静电纺PLA/CNC-g-PLLA复合纤维膜的制备及性能研究

贾清平^a, 李兴梅^a, 刘杨^a,b,*, 张宏宇^a, 骆洋洋^a, 莫语婷^a

作者信息 +

Preparation and Properties of Electrospun PLA/CNC-g-PLLA Composite Fiber Films

JIA Qingping^a, LI Xingmei^a, LIU Yang^{a,b, *}, ZHANG Hongyu^a, LUO Yangyang^a, MO Yuting^a

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文章历史 +

摘要

目的旨在制备并表征聚乳酸（Polylactic acid,PLA）、PLA/纤维素纳米晶（Cellulose nanocrystals,CNC）及PLA/接枝改性纤维素纳米晶（CNC-g-PLLA）静电纺丝纤维膜,并探究改善CNC与PLA的相容性对复合纤维膜性能的影响。方法采用L-丙交酯（L-LA）对CNC进行开环聚合接枝改性,通过FTIR、XPS和NMR对CNC-g-PLLA结构进行表征。随后,将不同含量（占PLA质量的）的CNC或CNC-g-PLLA与PLA共混,采用静电纺丝技术制备PLA/CNC和PLA/CNC-g-PLLA复合纤维膜。对所得纤维膜的形貌、结晶性能、热稳定性及力学性能进行系统评估。结果 CNC-g-PLLA有效改善了CNC在PLA基体中的分散性和界面相容性。与纯PLA相比,PLA/CNC-g-PLLA复合纤维膜形貌均匀性显著提升,纤维直径减小,结晶度、热稳定性、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均有增强。在质量分数为1%⁓3%时,T_5%（5%失重温度）和T_max（最大分解速率温度）均有明显提升,在3%CNC-g-PLLA含量时拉伸强度达到峰值6.24 MPa。结论 L-LA接枝改性CNC有效解决了CNC在PLA基体中分散性差和界面相容性不佳的问题,通过化学键实现了增强相与基体的牢固结合。所制备的复合纤维膜其优异的力学性能和热稳定性使其有望作为可生物降解的包装材料或组织工程材料。

Abstract

The work aims to prepare and characterize electrospun fiber films of polylactic acid (PLA), PLA/cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and PLA/graft-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNC-g-PLLA), and to investigate the effect of improving the compatibility between CNC and PLA on the properties of the composite fiber films. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were modified via ring-opening polymerization grafting with L-lactide (L-LA), and the structure of CNC-g-PLLA was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR). Subsequently, PLA/CNC and PLA/CNC-g-PLLA composite fiber films were fabricated by electrospinning blends of PLA with different proportions of CNC or CNC-g-PLLA (based on the weight of PLA). The morphology, crystallization behavior, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of the resulting fiber films were systematically evaluated. CNC-g-PLLA effectively improved the dispersion and interfacial compatibility of CNC in the PLA matrix. Compared with pure PLA, the PLA/CNC-g-PLLA composite fiber films exhibited significantly enhanced morphological uniformity, reduced fiber diameter, increased crystallinity, improved thermal stability, and enhanced tensile strength and elongation at break. At a content of 1-3 wt%, both the 5% weight loss temperature (T_5%) and the maximum decomposition temperature (T_max) significantly increased. The tensile strength reached a peak of 6.24 MPa when the CNC-g-PLLA content was 3 wt%. The graft modification of CNC with L-LA effectively addresses the issues of poor dispersion and inferior interfacial compatibility of CNC in the PLA matrix, achieving a firm bonding between the reinforcing phase and the matrix via chemical bonds. The prepared composite fiber film, with its excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability, shows promise for applications as biodegradable packaging materials or tissue engineering scaffolds.

导出引用

贾清平, 李兴梅, 刘杨, 张宏宇, 骆洋洋, 莫语婷. 静电纺PLA/CNC-g-PLLA复合纤维膜的制备及性能研究[J]. 包装工程. 2026, 47(5): 10-19 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.05.002

JIA Qingping, LI Xingmei, LIU Yang, ZHANG Hongyu, LUO Yangyang, MO Yuting. Preparation and Properties of Electrospun PLA/CNC-g-PLLA Composite Fiber Films[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(5): 10-19 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.05.002

中图分类号： TB33

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