苹果自动网套包装机设计

刘万通; 李学通; 张译之; 田原; 李起成; 李江波

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.23.021

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包装工程（技术栏目） ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (23) : 197-205. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.23.021

自动化与智能化技术

苹果自动网套包装机设计

刘万通^1,2, 李学通², 张译之², 田原², 李起成², 李江波^1,2,*

作者信息 +

Design of Automatic Apple Net Packaging Machines

LIU Wantong^1,2, LI Xuetong², ZHANG Yizhi², TIAN Yuan², LI Qicheng², LI Jiangbo^1,2,*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的解决苹果采后人工套网包装存在的效率低、成本高、劳动强度大等问题,提升苹果包装的自动化水平。方法设计由三大功能单元组成的自动化包装机,上料单元采用双侧循环输送线和移动抓取模组,实现苹果连续交替供料和无损转运;套网单元创新性地采用四伺服模块化驱动机构,通过同步驱动网套辊组,配合锥形悬浮固定芯,实现网套精准撑开和输送;卸料单元通过气缸驱动过渡机构完成自动下线。针对链传动等关键部件进行优化设计和计算选型,基于西门子S7-1500 PLC构建控制系统,完成样机试制,并采用100个65~85 mm的苹果进行性能试验。结果测试数据显示,样机平均包装效率为2.018 s/个,包装成功率达到99.4%,设备运行稳定,实现了从上料到卸料的全流程自动化作业。结论该苹果自动网套包装机结构合理、运行可靠,包装效率和成功率显著优于人工操作,为实现苹果包装自动化提供了有效的技术装备支持。

Abstract

The work aims to address the issues of low efficiency, high cost, and intensive labor in manual post-harvest net packaging, thereby enhancing the automation level of apple packaging. An automatic apple net packaging machine composed of three functional units was designed. Bilateral circulation conveying lines and a mobile grasping module were employed in the feeding unit to achieve continuous alternating feeding and non-damaging transfer of apples. A four-servo modular driving mechanism was innovatively adopted in the netting unit, where net sleeves were accurately expanded and transported through synchronously driven roller sets combined with a conical suspended fixed core. A cylinder-driven transition mechanism was utilized in the discharging unit for automatic offloading. Key components such as the chain transmission system were optimized and selected through calculation. A control system was constructed based on a Siemens S7-1500 PLC, and a prototype was manufactured and tested with 100 apples of 65-85 mm diameter. Test results showed that an average packaging efficiency of 2.018 seconds per apple was achieved, and a packaging success rate of 99.4% was obtained. The equipment operated stably, achieving fully automated operation from feeding to discharging without manual intervention. The designed automatic apple net packaging machine is demonstrated to be rationally structured and reliably operated. Both its packaging efficiency and success rate are higher than those of manual operation, providing effective technical equipment support for promoting automation in apple packaging.

导出引用

刘万通, 李学通, 张译之, 田原, 李起成, 李江波. 苹果自动网套包装机设计[J]. 包装工程. 2025, 46(23): 197-205 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.23.021

LIU Wantong, LI Xuetong, ZHANG Yizhi, TIAN Yuan, LI Qicheng, LI Jiangbo. Design of Automatic Apple Net Packaging Machines[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2025, 46(23): 197-205 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.23.021

中图分类号： TB486

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