目的 构建低温条件下塞外红苹果平衡气调包装（EMAP）设计体系,并验证最优透气性商业膜的贮藏保鲜效果。方法 基于Michaelis-Menten模型和动态平衡方程,推导0.5 ℃贮藏条件下适宜自发气调材料的气体透过率参数,据此筛选3种商业膜开展保鲜效果对比实验,验证EMAP技术可行性。通过分析贮藏期间果实硬度、褐变指数（BI）、可溶性固形物（SSC）、可滴定酸（TA）、丙二醛（MDA）、抗坏血酸含量及相对电导率等指标,综合评价不同包装膜的保鲜性能。结果 在0.5 ℃贮藏条件下,通过EMAP体系优化的PET包装组显著抑制品质劣变,其BI值较PLA组降低了17.7%,TA保留率、硬度及抗坏血酸含量的降幅分别较PLA组减少了26.7%、16.9%和21.3%;同时SSC积累、相对电导率及MDA含量均显著低于PLA组与BOPP/PE组。结论 基于EMAP设计的PET商业膜在低温贮藏中具有最优保鲜效果,可有效延长塞外红苹果贮藏期并维持其核心品质指标,为该品种商业化保鲜提供理论依据与技术支撑。
Abstract
The work aims to establish an equilibrium modified atmosphere packaging (EMAP) design system for Malus pumila 'Saiwaihong' under low temperature conditions and validate the preservation efficacy of the optimal permeability commercial film. Based on the Michaelis-Menten model and dynamic equilibrium equations, the gas transmission rate parameters suitable for spontaneous modified atmosphere materials at 0.5 ℃ were derived. Three commercial films were subsequently selected for comparative preservation experiments to verify the feasibility of EMAP technology. The preservation performance of different films was comprehensively evaluated by analyzing changes in fruit firmness, browning index (BI), soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, ascorbic acid content, and relative electrical conductivity during storage. At 0.5 ℃, the PET packaging group optimized via the EMAP system significantly suppressed quality deterioration. Compared to the PLA group, its BI value was reduced by 17.7%, while the decreases in TA retention, firmness, and ascorbic acid content were 26.7%, 16.9%, and 21.3% lower, respectively. Concurrently, SSC accumulation, relative electrical conductivity, and MDA content were significantly lower than those in both PLA and BOPP/PE groups. It is concluded that the PET commercial film designed based on EMAP exhibits optimal preservation effects under low temperature storage, effectively extending the shelf life and maintaining core quality attributes of Malus pumila 'Saiwaihong', thereby providing theoretical basis and technical support for the commercial preservation of this cultivar.
关键词
塞外红苹果 /
平衡气调包装（EMAP） /
呼吸模型 /
贮藏品质
Key words
Malus pumila 'Saiwaihong' /
equilibrium modified atmosphere packaging (EMAP) /
respiratory model /
storage quality
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基金
山东省技术创新引导计划（中央引导地方科技发展资金）（YDZX2025018）; 青岛特种食品研究院项目（6602422079）; 青岛农业大学高层次人才科研基金（6651120039）
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