二氧化硅在可降解包装材料中的功能化应用进展

鲍艳; 董文丽; 郭茹月; 于思珂; 陈丽华

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.23.012

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包装工程（技术栏目） ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (23) : 113-128. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.23.012

先进材料

二氧化硅在可降解包装材料中的功能化应用进展

鲍艳^1,*, 董文丽¹, 郭茹月¹, 于思珂¹, 陈丽华²

作者信息 +

Functional Applications of Silica in Biodegradable Packaging Materials

BAO Yan^1,*, DONG Wenli¹, GUO Ruyue¹, YU Sike¹, CHEN Lihua²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的针对可降解包装材料存在的力学与阻隔性能不足、功能单一等应用瓶颈,本文旨在系统综述如何通过引入储量丰富、低毒且结构可调的二氧化硅（SiO₂）微球对其进行功能化改性,以提升性能、拓展应用的研究进展。方法系统介绍实心SiO₂微球、介孔SiO₂微球和中空介孔SiO₂微球的结构特性与制备方法;阐述SiO₂微球对可降解包装材料力学强度、阻隔性能、热稳定性、光学性能及降解性能的调控机制;分析SiO₂微球对活性物质的负载与控释作用。结论 SiO₂微球的制备方法已趋于成熟;以SiO₂为功能性填料,通过调控其结构与性质可解决可降解包装材料在力学强度增强、阻隔性提高、热稳定性提升等方面的需求;SiO₂微球负载并控释活性物质的能力使其在活性包装、智能指示包装、防伪包装及隔热防护包装等领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。未来研究应聚焦于SiO₂微球的长期安全性、绿色制备工艺、多功能协同及机器学习优化材料组分与结构设计等4个方面。

Abstract

To address the bottlenecks of insufficient mechanical and barrier properties, as well as limited functionality, in biodegradable packaging materials, the work aims to systematically summarize recent research progress on the functional modification of these materials through the incorporation of abundant, low-toxicity, and structurally tunable silica (SiO₂) microspheres, with the goal of enhancing their performance and broadening their applications. Firstly, the structural characteristics and common preparation methods of solid SiO₂ microspheres, mesoporous SiO₂ nanoparticles, and hollow mesoporous SiO₂ nanoparticles were summarized. Secondly, the regulatory mechanisms of SiO₂ on the mechanical strength, barrier properties, thermal stability, optical performance, and biodegradability of degradable packaging materials were elaborated. Furthermore, the loading and controlled release of SiO₂ on active substances were analyzed. To sum up, the preparation methods for SiO₂ microspheres have become increasingly well-established. As a functional filler, SiO₂ can address the needs of biodegradable packaging materials in terms of mechanical strength enhancement, barrier property improvement, and thermal stability enhancement by tailoring its structure and properties. The ability of SiO₂ microspheres to load and controllably release active substances endows them with significant application potential in active packaging, intelligent indicator packaging, anti-counterfeiting packaging, and thermal insulation protective packaging. Future research should focus on four key aspects, including the long-term safety of SiO₂ microspheres, green preparation processes, multifunctional synergy, and the use of machine learning to optimize material composition and structural design.

导出引用

鲍艳, 董文丽, 郭茹月, 于思珂, 陈丽华. 二氧化硅在可降解包装材料中的功能化应用进展[J]. 包装工程. 2025, 46(23): 113-128 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.23.012

BAO Yan, DONG Wenli, GUO Ruyue, YU Sike, CHEN Lihua. Functional Applications of Silica in Biodegradable Packaging Materials[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2025, 46(23): 113-128 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.23.012

中图分类号： TB33

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