目的 “货到人”订单拣选系统由1个或多个拣选站及其连接的存储系统共同构成,在强耦合型“货到人”订单拣选系统中,存储系统单次取出的待拣货物仅能供唯一的拣选站使用,存储系统与拣选站之间的作业关联紧密。旨在实现两者的高效协同,从而提高系统整体的作业效率。方法 构建强耦合型“货到人”订单拣选系统优化问题的数学模型,设计动态调度算法求解问题。该算法由订单动态排序算法和出库任务动态调度算法组成,采用计算机仿真技术对算法中的关键参数进行设定。以某生产型企业Miniload“货到人”订单拣选系统为例,建立仿真模型,针对多套现场订单进行仿真实验。结果 采取动态调度算法时,拣货员累计作业工时相较于顺序执行策略平均降低了12.67%,相较于固定参数策略平均降低了7.63%。结论 与顺序执行策略和固定参数策略相比,文中提出的动态调度算法能够有效提高系统的作业效率。
Abstract
The "Goods-to-Person" order picking system consists of one or more picking stations and their connected storage systems. In a tightly coupled "Goods-to-Person" order picking system, the goods retrieved by the storage system in a single operation can only be used by a single picking station, indicating a close operational relationship between the storage system and the picking station. The work aims to achieve efficient coordination between the two and improve the overall system efficiency. A mathematical model for the optimization problem of the tightly coupled "Goods-to-Person" order picking system was constructed, and a dynamic optimization algorithm was designed to solve the problem. This algorithm consisted of an order dynamic sequencing algorithm and an outbound task dynamic scheduling algorithm, with key parameters set using computer simulation technology. Taking a Miniload "Goods-to-Person" order picking system in a manufacturing enterprise as an example, a simulation model was established, and simulation experiments were conducted on multiple sets of real-world orders. Results showed that after adopting the dynamic scheduling strategy, the cumulative working hours of pickers decreased by an average of 12.67% compared with the sequential execution strategy and by an average of 7.63% compared with the fixed-parameter strategy. In conclusion, compared with the sequential execution strategy and the fixed-parameter strategy, the proposed dynamic scheduling strategy effectively improves system operational efficiency.
关键词
订单拣选系统 /
强耦合性 /
动态调度 /
仿真建模与优化 /
货箱式自动存取系统
Key words
order picking systems /
strongly coupled systems /
dynamic scheduling /
simulation-based modeling and optimization /
miniload storage systems
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基金
国家自然科学基金（62273204）; 中铁集团科研资助项目（913700001630559891202326）
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