目的 聚焦于生物质材料领域,针对现有淀粉基材料存在的难以塑化加工、强度低及生物质含量低等问题,以玉米淀粉、衣康酸和丙烯酸为原料,通过衣康酸酯化与丙烯酸接枝化学改性手段制备高性能生物质材料。方法 以酯化淀粉为聚合物主链,丙烯酸（AA）为接枝单体制备淀粉光固化膜,讨论丙烯酸含量对淀粉光固化膜性能的影响。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、动态力学分析、热重分析（TGA）、拉伸试验等方法对淀粉光固化膜的性能进行了研究。结果 研究结果表明,经过酯化接枝后,玉米淀粉的结晶度显著降低,其形状结构被破坏。在最佳条件下,淀粉光固化膜具有较高的抗拉强度（11.75 MPa）,这是由于淀粉分子链与丙烯酸之间形成了丰富的氢键,提升了淀粉光固化膜交联密度,DMA结果也充分验证了这一现象。结论 本研究不仅为全生物质光固化膜的制备提供了一种新颖且有效的方法,同时显著提升了淀粉光固化膜的力学强度,在可膨胀弹性体材料领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。
Abstract
The work aims to focus on the field of biomass materials, and prepare high-performance biomass materials by itaconic acid esterification and acrylic acid grafting chemical modification techniques with corn starch, itaconic acid, and acrylic acid as raw materials, so as to deal with the challenges associated with existing starch-based materials, such as difficulty in plasticisation processing, low strength, and low biomass content. A starch photopolymerisation film was prepared with esterified starch as the polymer backbone and acrylic acid (AA) as the graft monomer. The effect of acrylic acid content on the performance of the starch photopolymerisation film was discussed. The performance of the starch photopolymerisation film was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and tensile testing. The results indicated that after esterification grafting, the crystallinity of corn starch was significantly reduced, and its structural integrity was disrupted. Under optimal conditions, the starch photopolymerisation film exhibited high tensile strength (11.75 MPa), attributed to the formation of abundant hydrogen bonds between starch molecular chains and acrylic acid, thereby enhancing the cross-linking density of the starch photopolymerisation film. DMA results also corroborated this phenomenon. In conclusion, this study not only provides a novel and effective method for the preparation of fully bio-based photopolymerisable films but also significantly enhances the mechanical strength of starch photopolymerisable films, demonstrating great application potential in the field of expandable elastic materials.
关键词
玉米淀粉 /
光固化 /
生物质材料
Key words
corn starch /
light curing /
biomass materials
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基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目（22178138）; 广东省自然科学基金重点项目（2020B1515120099）; 国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202510564006S,202310564081S）
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