目的 制备一种具有优异的力学性能、超疏水性能,以及兼具低红外发射率和低近红外反射率的复合涂层。方法 使用玻璃棒刮涂法制备复合涂层,以聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）和丙烯酸改性聚氨酯（APU）共混改性树脂为黏合剂,以铝（Al）为红外隐身材料,以多层石墨烯为近红外吸收剂,以纳米SiO2、硅烷偶联剂（KH560）和氨基硅烷改性剂（APTES）为界面改性剂,研究各组分对涂层性能的影响。结果 当总填料的质量分数为45%,且m纳米SiO₂∶mGO+Al=4∶6,mAl∶mGO=6∶4,mAPU∶mPDMS=1∶9时,涂层在1.06 μm处的反射率低至42.1%,在8~14 μm处的发射率低至0.711,水接触角达到150.5°。添加KH560、APTES进行优化（KH560的质量分数为2%,APTES的质量分数为4%）后,涂层的性能进一步提升,红外发射率低至0.697,在1.06 μm处近红外反射率低至41.5%,水接触角达到151.5°,附着力为1级,柔韧性指标为2 mm,耐冲击强度为50 kg·cm。结论 成功制备了超疏水、低红外发射率、低近红外反射率兼容的涂层,它在各类装备红外与激光兼容隐身领域具有重要的应用价值,同时可为超疏水功能涂层的力学性能优化提供有益参考。
Abstract
The work aims to prepare a composite coating with excellent mechanical properties, superhydrophobic properties, as well as low infrared emissivity and low near-infrared reflectance. The composite coating was prepared by glass rod scraping. The blend modified resin of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the acrylic modified polyurethane (APU) were used as the binder, Al as the infrared stealth material, multilayer graphene as the near-infrared absorber, and nano-SiO2, silane coupling agent (KH560) and amino silane modifier (APTES) as the interface modifier. The effect of the proportion of each component on the properties of the coating was studied. When the total filler ratio was 45%, mnano-SiO2∶mGO+Al=4∶6, mAl∶mGO=6∶4, mAPU∶mPDMS=1∶9, the reflectivity of the coating at 1.06 μm was as low as 42.1%, the emissivity at 8-14 μm was as low as 0.711 and the water contact angle was 150.5°. After KH560 and APTES were added for optimization (KH560 2% and APTES 4%), the coating performance was further improved. The infrared emissivity was as low as 0.697, the near-infrared reflectivity at 1.06 μm was as low as 41.5%, the water contact angle was as low as 151.5°, the adhesion was 1 level, the flexibility was 2 mm, and the impact strength was 50 kg·cm. The super hydrophobic coatings with low infrared emissivity and low near-infrared reflectivity have been successfully prepared, which can have important application value in the field of infrared and laser compatible stealth of various equipment, and can provide useful reference for the optimization of mechanical properties of super hydrophobic functional coatings.
关键词
超疏水 /
低红外发射率 /
低近红外反射率 /
复合涂层 /
力学性能优化
Key words
superhydrophobicity /
low infrared emissivity /
low near-infrared reflectivity /
composite coatings /
optimization of mechanical properties
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基金
国家自然科学基金（61705029）; 安徽省教育厅重点计划（2022AH051121）
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