目的 研究废旧动力锂电池运输包装箱的热安全性和隔热、泄压措施。方法 以15组2.8 kW·h方形锂电池模组为研究对象,依据《国际海运危险货物规则》（IMDG CODE）P911与LP906包装规范要求,设计具备定向导热、泄压功能的运输包装箱,采用火灾动力学仿真软件（FDS）构建热失控燃烧模型,并与真实动力锂电池运输箱热失控触发实验做对比。结果 废旧动力锂电池运输箱采用“U”形流道设计可有效抑制火焰外窜,同时当导火槽布设于内箱长边时,其热导流效果较短边提升了43%,泄压能力明显增强,且包装箱整体满足P911及LP906要求。结论 通过FDS仿真揭示热导流与流道布局关联,实验建议一体成型箱体提升运输包装的安全性,该研究成果可为废旧动力锂电池运输包装提供安全性解决方案。
Abstract
The work aims to study the thermal safety and insulation and pressure relief measures for transport cases of spent power lithium batteries. With 15 sets of 2.8 kW·h square lithium battery modules as the research object, a transport case with directional heat conduction and pressure relief functions was designed based on the packaging specifications of "International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code" (IMDG CODE) P911 and LP906. A thermal runaway combustion model was constructed with the fire dynamics simulation software (FDS), and compared with the thermal runaway triggering experiments of the real transport case for power lithium batteries. The transport case for spent power lithium batteries adopted a U-shaped flow channel design, which effectively suppressed flame propagation. At the same time, when the ignition groove was arranged on the long side of the inner case, its heat conduction effect was 43% higher than that of the short side, and the pressure relief ability was significantly enhanced. The transport case as a whole met the requirements of P911 and LP906. The thermal conduction flow and channel layout correlation are revealed through FDS simulation. The integral case body is recommended to improve the safety of transport cases. The research results can provide a safety solution for the transport case of spent power lithium batteries.
关键词
危险品运输包装 /
热失控防护 /
数值模拟 /
锂电池安全
Key words
transport packaging for dangerous goods /
thermal runaway protection /
numerical simulation /
lithium battery safety
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基金
天津市科技计划项目（24YDTPJC00550）
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