马铃薯种薯采后生理与贮藏保鲜技术研究进展

张彤彤; 陈富

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.11.015

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包装工程（技术栏目） ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11) : 140-148. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.11.015

农产品保鲜与食品包装

马铃薯种薯采后生理与贮藏保鲜技术研究进展

张彤彤, 陈富

作者信息 +

Research Progress on Postharvest Physiology and Storage Preservation Technology of Potato Seed Tubers

ZHANG Tongtong, CHEN Fu

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的系统总结马铃薯种薯采后生理特性与贮藏保鲜技术的研究进展,为提高种薯贮藏质量提供理论指导。方法基于国内外文献,分析马铃薯种薯采后休眠特性、呼吸代谢、水分变化及生理老化等生理过程,评述温湿度调控、化学处理、物理干预及生物防控等保鲜技术的应用效果。结果种薯休眠与内源激素动态平衡密切相关,温度是影响休眠持续时间的关键因素;呼吸强度与种薯活力直接相关,贮藏期间呼吸代谢变化显著;水分流失影响种薯生理状态和萌发潜力;生理老化与活性氧积累及抗氧化系统功能降低显著相关。科学的温湿度管理是确保种薯贮藏质量的基础;香芹酮等天然植物源抑芽剂因低毒性受到广泛关注;植物激素可有效调控休眠期和萌发过程;紫外线处理能有效抑制病害发生;生物防控通过有益微生物提高种薯抗病性。结论马铃薯种薯贮藏过程中休眠特性与内源激素平衡密切相关,贮藏保鲜技术多样且各具特点。未来研究应侧重开发绿色低碳贮藏技术、智能化贮藏系统、多功能复合保鲜技术及微生物组调控策略,实现种薯贮藏保鲜技术向精准化、智能化和可持续方向发展。

Abstract

The work aims to systematically summarize the research progress on postharvest physiological characteristics and storage preservation technologies of potato seed tubers, providing theoretical guidance for improving the storage quality of seed tubers. Based on the literature in China and abroad, the postharvest physiological processes of potato seed tubers were analyzed, including dormancy characteristics, respiratory metabolism, moisture changes, and physiological aging, and the application effectiveness of preservation technologies were evaluated, such as temperature and humidity control, chemical treatments, physical intervention, and biological control. Seed tuber dormancy was closely related to the dynamic balance of endogenous hormones, with temperature being a key factor affecting the dormancy duration. Respiratory intensity directly correlated with seed tuber vigor, showing significant changes during storage. Moisture loss affected the physiological state and germination potential of seed tubers. Physiological aging was significantly associated with reactive oxygen species accumulation and reduced antioxidant system function. Scientific temperature and humidity management formed the foundation for ensuring the storage quality of seed tubers. Natural plant-derived sprout inhibitors such as carvone received widespread attention due to their low toxicity. Plant hormones could effectively regulate dormancy periods and germination processes. Ultraviolet treatment effectively inhibited disease occurrence. Biological control improved seed tuber disease resistance through beneficial microorganisms. The dormancy characteristics of potato seed tubers during storage are closely related to the endogenous hormone balance, and various storage preservation technologies offer distinct advantages. Future research should focus on developing green low-carbon storage technologies, intelligent storage systems, multifunctional composite preservation technologies, and microbiome regulation strategies to achieve precise, intelligent, and sustainable development of seed tuber storage preservation technology.

导出引用

张彤彤, 陈富. 马铃薯种薯采后生理与贮藏保鲜技术研究进展[J]. 包装工程（技术栏目）. 2025, 46(11): 140-148 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.11.015

ZHANG Tongtong, CHEN Fu. Research Progress on Postharvest Physiology and Storage Preservation Technology of Potato Seed Tubers[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2025, 46(11): 140-148 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.11.015

中图分类号： TB485.9

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