目的 旨在开发一种全生物基环保增塑剂,为解决乙基纤维素包装材料增塑性能差、不可持续等问题提供参考。方法 以植物油衍生二聚酸及环氧氯丙烷为原料,在碱性环境下通过开、闭环反应得到二聚酸二缩水甘油酯（DGE）,再将其与农林废弃物腰果酚直接醚化构建全生物基二聚酸腰果酚甘油醚酯（CGDAE）,并将其用于乙基纤维素（EC）增塑剂,通过力学、耐低温、耐热和抗迁移性能表征,探究全生物基二聚酸腰果酚甘油醚酯对市售增塑剂全替代的可行性。结果 与石油基邻苯二甲酸二辛酯（DOP）和环己烷-1,2-二羧酸二异壬酯（DINCH）增塑后EC制品（EC/DOP和EC/DINCH）相比,CGDAE增塑后乙基纤维素产品（EC/CGDAE）的拉伸、耐低温、耐热和抗迁移性能更好;特别地,与市售生物基增塑剂环氧大豆油（ESO）增塑后EC制品（EC/ESO）相比,CGDAE增塑后EC（EC/CGEAE）的拉伸性能提高了290%,玻璃化转变温度下降了16.2 ℃,耐挥发性能提升了2.9%,耐迁移性提高了92.2%。结论 全生物基CGDAE与EC具有良好的相容及增塑性能,可赋予EC产品优异的力学、耐低温和抗迁移等性能,能够对市售石油基和生物基增塑剂进行全替代。
Abstract
The work aims to develop a full bio-based plasticizer to provide a reference for solving problems such as poor plasticizing property and unsustainability of ethyl cellulose packaging materials. In this work, a full bio-based cardanol-grafting dimer acid diglycidyl ester (CGDAE) was developed with natural cardanol, and vegetable oil derivatives (dimer acid and epichlorohydrin) as feedstocks through etherifications, where dimer acid firstly reacted with epichlorohydrin to form dimer acid diglycidyl ester (DGE) and then DGE reacted with cardanol to result in cardanol-grafting dimer acid diglycidyl ester (CGDAE). Through the characterization of mechanical properties, low-temperature resistance, heat resistance and anti-migration performance, the feasibility of fully replacing commercially available plasticizers with fully bio-based cardanol glycerol ether dimer acid was explored. The tensile, low temperature resistance, high temperature resistance as well as migration resistance results indicated that the properties of EC plasticized by cardanol-grafting dimer acid diglycidyl ester (EC/CGDAE) were better than those of EC blended with commercial petro-based plasticizers such as dioctyl phthalate (EC/DOP) and di-isononyl-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (EC/DINCH). In particular, compared with EC plasticized by epoxidized soybean oil (EC/ESO), the tensile property, low-temperature resistance, volatilization resistance as well as migration resistance respectively increased by 290%, 16.2 ℃, 2.9%, and 92.2%. The full bio-based CGDAE has good compatibility and plasticizing properties with EC, which endows EC products with outstanding mechanical, low temperature resistance and migration resistance properties, and can fully replace commercially available petroleum-based and bio-based plasticizers.
关键词
腰果酚 /
生物基增塑剂 /
乙基纤维素 /
植物油 /
醚化
Key words
cardanol /
bio-based plasticizer /
ethyl cellulose /
vegetable oil /
etherification
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基金
大学生创新训练计划项目（202310298076Y）; 国家自然科学基金（32101467）
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