目的 充分了解放射性物品运输容器耐热试验研究现状，通过对比国内外耐热试验研究和实践的经验，为国内耐热试验的发展提出意见与建议。方法 调研和分析国外耐热试验的技术现状，以及国内耐热试验的实践经验和能力建设情况，梳理我国耐热试验发展方向。结果 国际上核能大国核能产业发展起步较早，开展了很多相关的耐热试验研究，拥有多种类型的耐热试验装置，方法和装置的适配度和成熟度较高。我国已经逐步掌握放射性物品运输容器耐热试验方法，耐热试验仿真计算能力和试验平台建设取得了一定的成果。结论 建议重视耐热试验仿真计算能力建设，有序开展系统性的耐热试验研究，增加攻克关键难题的投入，优化改进现有耐热试验方法和装置，继续推进运输容器耐热试验和仿真计算平台建设。

The work aims to fully understand the current research status of thermal test for transportation containers of radioactive materials, and put forward suggestions and opinions for the development of thermal test in China by comparing the experience of thermal test research and practice at home and abroad. The current status of thermal test technology abroad, as well as the practical experience and capacity building of thermal test in China were researched and analyzed, and the development direction of thermal test in China was sorted out. Main nuclear countries in the world developed the nuclear energy industry earlier and had carried out many related thermal test research. They have various types of thermal test devices, with high adaptability and maturity of methods and devices. In contrast, China has gradually mastered the thermal test methods for radioactive material transport containers, and has achieved certain results in thermal test simulation calculation capabilities and test platform construction. It is recommended to attach importance to the construction of thermal test simulation computing capabilities, carry out systematic thermal test research in an orderly manner, increase investment in tackling key challenges, optimize and improve existing thermal test methods and devices, and continue to promote the construction of thermal simulation computing and testing platforms for transportation containers.