目的 对25种不同来源的回收高密度聚乙烯碎片(rHDPE)中的半挥发性污染物进行定性定量分析，探究rHDPE中的潜在风险物质。方法 采用二氯甲烷对样品中的半挥发性有机物进行提取的前处理方法，使用气相质谱联用仪结合NIST20质谱库和保留指数进行定性分析，采用基于分子描述符和随机森林算法计算的化学结构相似度选择半定量物质，并进行半定量分析。结果 通过对25种不同来源的rHDPE碎片样品进行分析，共检出114种物质，每个样品检出的物质数量为42~89种，含量中位数为34~97 mg/kg。频率较高的物质主要有聚烯烃中常见的烷烯烃、抗氧剂、爽滑剂及其转化产物。在高关注物质中，邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯和壬基酚的检出率均超过50%，其平均含量均大于8 mg/kg。尽管1-十四烯未被列为高关注物质，但它在食品接触材料中的特定迁移限量仅为0.05 mg/kg，而其平均含量为59 mg/kg，存在潜在的迁移风险。结论 在rHDPE碎片中存在一些高关注污染物，其再生用作包装材料可能对消费者的安全构成潜在风险。

The work aims to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze semi-volatile pollutants in 25 different sources of recycled high-density polyethylene (rHDPE), so as to explore potential hazardous substances in rHDPE. Semi-volatile organic compounds were extracted using dichloromethane, and then qualitatively analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in combination with NIST20 mass spectral library and retention indices. Semi-quantification was done based on reference standards selected according to structural similarity calculated by molecular descriptors and random forest algorithm. A total of 114 substances were detected in these 25 samples, with each sample containing 42 to 89 substances, with median concentrations ranging from 34 to 97 mg/kg. Common substances included alkenes typical in polyolefins, antioxidants, lubricants, and their transformation products. Among the high-concern substances, diisobutyl phthalate and nonylphenol were detected in over 50% of samples, with average concentrations exceeding 8 mg/kg. Although 1-tetradecene was not classified as a high-concern substance, its specific migration limit is only 0.05 mg/kg, while its average concentrat is 59 mg/kg, posing a potential migration risk. These results indicate that there are certain high-concern contaminants present in rHDPE fragments, which may pose potential risks to food safety when used as recycled packaging materials.