目的 研制具有多重刺激响应、颜色变化丰富的有机荧光材料，设计一类柔性结构的聚集诱导荧光增强型有机荧光染料。方法 以共轭丙二腈单元为吸电子基团，以烷氧基芳醚为给电子基团，设计合成基于吡喃结构的有机D-π-A化合物，测试其光物理性质及刺激响应行为，研究其响应机理。结果 所合成吡喃结构衍生物在聚集时荧光增强，具有固态发光特性;在机械力的作用下，由橙色荧光转变为红色荧光，加热可变为绿色光，表现出三色变化的刺激响应性质;机理研究结果表明，该化合物3种不同颜色的发光，源于3种不同的堆积状态。结论 利用机械力、热作用下不同荧光颜色变化，实现三色的刺激响应行为，它在商标等标识防伪领域具有潜在的应用前景。

The work aims to design a flexible organic fluorescent dye with aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) characters to develop colorful organic fluorescent materials with multiple stimuli-responsiveness. The pyran-based organic D-π-A compound was facilely synthesized, with a conjugated malononitrile unit as the electron-withdrawing group and alkoxy aryl ether as the electron donor. Its photophysical properties and stimuli- responsive properties were measured, and the inherent mechanochromic mechanism was investigated. The synthesized compound exhibited an aggregation-induced emission enhancement character, showing intense fluorescent emission in the solid state. Upon mechanical force, it changed its fluorescence from orange to red, and turned green upon thermal treatment, exhibiting tri-color changes during the stimuli-responsive process. The tri-colored mechanochromism should be ascribed to the 3 different molecular packing modes. Owing to the multiple-stimuli-induced tri-colored character, it has potential application in the anti-counterfeiting of trademarks and logos.