目的 比较空投发电机的2种缓冲方案的优缺点并确定防护区域。方法 基于ANSYS/LS_DYNA有限元分析软件，建立发电机空投三维仿真模型，对其跌落冲击混凝土地面过程进行仿真，比较2种缓冲方案下发电机的损伤情况，重点分析了在着陆时发电机的形变、应力变化和破坏方式。结果 根据仿真结果，采用蜂窝纸板缓冲因重量分布不均导致叶片脱落，而钢丝绳减震器能够显著降低最大应力，仅为蜂窝纸板的43.6%，但可能出现再弹起。着陆时的冲击应力主要集中在发电机底部外壳、连接轴和柴油机底座。结论 利用有限元软件仿真分析发电机的跌落冲击是可行和有效的，可以比较不同缓冲方法的效果，极大地降低了试验成本，并可用于空投发电机的安全设计与评估。

The work aims to compare the advantages and disadvantages of two buffering schemes and determine the protection area for airdrop generators. A three-dimensional simulation model was established based on ANSYS/LS_DYNA finite element analysis software. The process of generator dropping and impacting concrete ground was simulated, and the damage analysis of generator under two buffering schemes was compared. The deformation, stress change and damage mode of generator during airdrop impact were analyzed. According to the simulation results, the honeycomb cardboard buffer caused blade detachment due to uneven weight distribution, while the steel wire rope absorber significantly reduced the maximum stress to 43.6% of the cardboard buffer, though it might rebound. The impact stress from dropping to the ground was mainly concentrated on the bottom shell of the generator, connecting shaft, and diesel engine base. It is feasible and effective to analyze the drop impact of generator by finite element simulation, which can compare different buffering methods and greatly reduce the test cost, and can be applied to the safety design and evaluation of airdrop generator.