目的 识别国标规范要求的典型冲击场景下某燃料运输容器动态力学响应特性，为运输容器的安全设计及防护措施等提供参考。方法 使用有限元方法对某燃料运输容器进行多种典型冲击场景的数值模拟分析，结合试验结果验证模拟方法的正确性和实用性。以典型工况为例，识别燃料运输容器的冲击响应特征，并判别最严酷冲击工况。进一步讨论反弹跌落多次碰撞、螺栓预紧力等多方面因素对响应特征的影响规律。结果 通过与试验结果对比，验证了数值模拟方法的正确性。分析了典型冲击场景下燃料运输容器的响应特征，并推理了相应最严酷冲击姿态。有限元模拟结果显示缓冲结构起到了很好的防护作用。运输容器第一次撞击引起的冲击响应显著高于反弹后再次跌落撞击过程中的冲击响应;螺栓预紧力主要影响局部应力状态，对螺栓塑性变形和破坏的影响不明显。结论 某燃料运输容器具有很好的缓冲性能，可以满足防护要求，不同冲击条件下的最严酷冲击工况互不相同。反弹跌落碰撞和螺栓预紧力对容器整体响应特征及最终变形或破坏形貌无显著影响。

The work aims to identify the dynamic response characteristics of a fuel transport cask under typical impact scenarios required by related national standards, so as to provide reference of safety design and protection measures of transport cask. Firstly, the finite element method (FEM) was used to simulate the deformation or failure of fuel transport cask under various typical scenarios, and the correctness and practicability of numerical simulation method were verified by the corresponding experimental results. Then, the dynamic response characteristics of fuel transport cask were identified based on a typical working condition, and the most severe impact condition was determined. Furthermore, the effects of various factors, including the rebound drop impact, bolt pre-tightening force, etc., on response characteristics were discussed in detail. Compared with the experimental results, the correctness of the numerical simulation method was verified. The response characteristics of fuel transport cask under typical impact scenarios were analyzed, and the corresponding most severe impact posture was deduced. The finite element simulation results show that the buffer structure played a good protective role. The impact response caused by the first impact of the transport cask was significantly higher than that caused by the second drop after rebound. The bolt pre-tightening force mainly affected the local stress state, but had no obvious effect on the plastic deformation and failure of bolts. This fuel transport cask has good buffer performance and can meet the protection requirements. The most severe impact conditions under different impact conditions are different from each other. The rebound drop collision and the bolt pre-tightening force had no significant effect on the overall response characteristics and final deformation or failure morphology of the cask.