目的 通过探讨复杂装备结构中螺栓连接结构在冲击载荷条件下的力学响应特征，以及这些特征如何影响装备结构的应力波传播、能量耗散和整体结构响应;同时，关注螺栓自身的变形和破坏对关键部件乃至整个系统稳定性和安全性的潜在影响，特别是在武器装备中可能引发的灾难性后果，旨在进一步优化螺栓连接结构的设计，提高其在极端载荷条件下的性能和可靠性。方法 系统调研国内外文献，总结螺栓连接结构冲击载荷传递特性及冲击响应行为的研究进展，涉及的研究方法包括试验研究、有限元模拟和理论分析等。结论 螺栓连接结构的冲击响应行为对装备整体的稳定性和安全性具有重要影响。通过对现有文献的分析，提出了未来研究的建议。

The work aims to investigate the mechanical response characteristics of bolted structures in complex equipment structures under impact conditions, study how these characteristics affect the stress wave propagation, energy dissipation and whole structural response in the equipment, and put focus on the potential impact of the deformation and failure of the bolt itself on the stability and safety of key components and even the entire system, especially the catastrophic consequences that may be caused in weaponry, to further optimize the design of bolted structures and enhance their performance and reliability under extreme load conditions. The research advances up-to-date on the impact load transfer characteristics as well as the impact response behavior of bolted connection structures were introduced in detail, and related experimental research, finite element method (FEM) simulations and theoretical analysis were reviewed. It is demonstrated that the impact response of bolted connection structures has a significant impact on the structure stability and safety of the equipment. Moreover, based on related analysis, some suggestions for the future research are provided.