目的 研究废旧车用锂电池运输包装箱的热安全性和优化措施。方法 以15组1.6 kW.h方形锂电池模组为研究对象，按照P911、LP906规范设计运输包装箱，并建立废旧车用锂电池运输包装箱模型，实验验证模型后进行温度场仿真分析，对包装箱集液槽、箱壁壁厚、隔热材料进行优化设计。结果 集液槽底部添加阻燃棉可解决温度超过100 ℃问题，且箱体阻燃棉厚度为15 mm和集液槽底部阻燃棉厚度为40 mm优化效果最佳，改用纳米二氧化硅纤维棉后隔热效果能提高了16.0%。最终实现箱体阻燃棉用料节约了68.75%，集液槽隔热效果提升了41.5%，包装箱整体皆满足P911及LP906要求。结论 研究结果可为废旧车用锂电池危险品包装研究提供重要参考。

The work aims to study the thermal safety and optimization measures of used lithium battery transport packaging boxes for vehicles. With 15 groups of square lithium battery modules weighing 1.3 kWh as the study subjects, transport packing boxes were designed according to the P911 and LP906 standards. A model for used vehicle lithium battery transport packaging boxes was produced. After the model was experimentally validated, a temperature field simulation analysis was performed, and the liquid collecting tank, wall thickness, and thermal insulation material of packaging boxes were optimized. The issue of temperature above 100 °C could be resolved by adding flame-retardant cotton to the bottom of the liquid collecting tank. The optimal results were achieved with 15 mm flame-retardant cotton in the box and 40 mm flame-retardant cotton at the bottom of the liquid collecting tank. Cotton with nano-silica fiber could boost its heat-insulating performance by 16.0%. Finally, the entire packing box satisfied the standards of P911 and LP906, saving 68.75% of the flame-retardant cotton material and increasing the heat-insulating effect of the liquid collecting tank by 41.5%. The study's findings can be a valuable resource for future research on the packing of used lithium batteries for vehicles that are classified as hazardous products.