目的 针对隧道式压差预冷装置中单位空间堆码的果蔬存储量低、预冷速度慢等问题，研发一种空间利用率高、预冷速度快的压差预冷装置。方法 通过数字化仿真确定在冷链厢侧面安装2台静压箱和4台风机，结构上增加预冷时货物的堆码空间;采用送风的方式预冷，增加隧道内的空气流速，减小隧道内的压强，加大果蔬周转箱两侧的压力差，使通过果蔬的风速增加，从而缩短预冷时间。结果 研究结果表明，56筐大白菜的温度从22.63 ℃降至5 ℃，时间为138 min，能耗为10.37 kW.h;预冷均匀性在±2 ℃之内。结论 送风式预冷相比传统抽吸式预冷方式时间缩短了21%，能耗降低了14%;采用变频送风方式能耗降低了4%。

The work aims to develop a forced-air pre-cooling component with high space utilization and fast precooling speed to solve the problems of low total amount of fruits and vegetables per unit space and slow precooling speed of tunnel differential pressure precooling equipment. Through digital simulation, it was determined that two static pressure boxes and four fans were installed on the side of the cold chain box, which increased the stacking space of goods during precooling. The precooling was carried out by air supply, which increased the air velocity in the tunnel, reduced the pressure in the tunnel, increased the pressure difference on both sides of the fruit and vegetable turnover box, increased the speed of wind passing through the fruits and vegetables, and shortened the precooling time. The results showed that the temperature of 56 baskets of Chinese cabbage was reduced from 22.63 ℃ to 5 ℃ in 138 min with energy consumption of 10.37 kW.h. The precooling uniformity was within ±2 ℃. Compared with the traditional suction precooling, the time of air supply precooling is shortened by 21%, and the energy consumption is reduced by 14%. The energy consumption of variable frequency air supply is reduced by 4%.