目的 通过对木质素生物合成聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHAs)的研究，实现PHAs的低成本、规模化生产和木质素的高值化利用。方法 归纳分析现阶段国内外木质素降解菌及生物合成PHAs的主要菌种和目前存在的问题，介绍生物合成PHAs的木质素底物种类、合成过程中工艺优化策略的相关研究进展，同时总结PHAs在包装领域的相关应用。结果 木质素生物合成PHAs过程中，通过筛选木质素降解菌、培养PHAs合成菌、优化PHAs的合成工艺及影响因素，可有效提高木质素底物的转化率和PHAs的产量，从而降低生产成本。结论 木质素转化为PHAs的过程虽然面临着一些挑战，但随着技术的不断创新和生产工艺的优化，木质素为底物合成的绿色生物塑料PHAs在包装领域会有广阔的应用前景和发展空间，必将推动包装材料向绿色化、安全化方面发展。

The work aims to realize the low-cost, large-scale production of PHAs and the high-value utilization of lignin through the study of lignin biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). The main strains and existing problems of lignin-degrading bacteria and biosynthetic PHAs at home and abroad were summarized and analyzed, and the types of lignin substrates for biosynthetic PHAs and the related research progress of process optimization strategies in the synthesis process were introduced. At the same time, the relevant applications of PHAs in the field of packaging were summarized. In the process of lignin biosynthesis of PHAs, the conversion rate of lignin substrates and the yield of PHAs could be effectively improved by screening lignin-degrading bacteria, cultivating PHAs synthesis bacteria, and optimizing the synthesis process and influencing factors of PHAs, thereby reducing the production cost. Although the process of converting lignin into PHAs faces some challenges, with the continuous innovation of technology and the optimization of production process, green bioplastic PHAs synthesized with lignin as substrate will have broad application prospects and development space in the field of packaging, which will inevitably promote the development of packaging materials in the direction of greening and safety.