目的 以溶胶凝胶法为基础进行改良，通过温和改性铜基防腐木，从而提高防腐木中铜基防腐剂有效成分的性能。方法 以杨木为研究对象，选取正硅酸乙酯作为溶胶凝胶反应的前驱体，探究直接浸渍和原位固定2种溶胶凝胶方法分别对ACQ防腐剂和CA防腐剂浸渍后的试件性能的影响。结果 2种溶胶凝胶方法均可在杨木的导管中形成二氧化硅网状结构，进而使防腐剂中铜离子的固着率提高2%~9%。结论 通过接触角、热重和防霉等性能测试的结果可知，2种溶胶凝胶法均能提高木材的疏水性、热稳定性和防霉性能，具有较好的改性效果。

The work aims to modify copper-based preserved wood mildly through the sol-gel method to improve the properties of active ingredients in copper-based preserved wood. With poplar wood as the research object, and ethyl orthosilicate as the precursor, the effects of two sol-gel methods, direct impregnation and in situ fixation, on the properties of specimens impregnated with ACQ preservative and CA preservative were investigated respectively. The results showed that both sol-gel methods could form a silica mesh structure in the conduit of poplar wood, which in turn increased the fixation rate of copper ions in the preservative by 2%-9%. As shown by the results of the performance tests on the contact angle, thermal weight and mildew protection, both sol-gel methods can improve the hydrophobicity, thermal stability and mildew protection of the wood, and have a better modification effect.