目的 制备碳酸钙增强淀粉/木质纤维复合材料，研究配方、制备工艺对其性能的影响规律。方法 以碳酸钙为填料，木薯淀粉为基材，木质纤维为增强体，采用模压成型方法制备淀粉/木质纤维复合材料，通过力学、吸水性能测试，以及傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、热重分析仪(TGA)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等测试手段，表征碳酸钙填料含量、成型温度对制备的复合材料性能的影响。结果 碳酸钙添加量为60%(质量分数)、成型温度为160 ℃时制备的复合材料拉伸、抗弯和压缩性能最佳，分别达到了2.4 MPa、7.3 MPa和3.1 MPa，弹性模量也达到985.5 MPa。同时红外光谱、热重分析及扫描电镜等表征证明此条件下制备的复合材料形成了更均匀的网络结构。结论 最佳条件下制备的碳酸钙增强淀粉/木质纤维复合材料同时具有较优异的力学性能、耐水性、热稳定性和生物降解性。

The work aims to prepare the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) reinforced starch/wood fiber composites and investigate the effect of formula and preparation process on the properties of these composites. Starch/wood fiber composites were prepared by compression molding with CaCO3 as filler, cassava starch as substrate, and wood fiber as reinforcement. Then, the composites were characterized by mechanical and water absorption tests with Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). When the amount of CaCO3 was 60% (mass fraction) and the molding temperature was 160 ℃, the tensile, flexure and compression properties of the composites were the best, reaching 2.4 MPa, 7.3 MPa and 3.1 MPa, and the elastic modulus reached 985.5 MPa. The characterization by FT-IR, TGA and SEM showed that the composites prepared under these conditions formed more uniform network structures. The CaCO3 reinforced starch/wood fiber composites prepared under the best conditions have excellent mechanical properties, water resistance, thermal stability and biodegradability.