目的 为避免或减小高g值冲击对弹内轻质元器件的破坏，应加强对轻质元器件缓冲防护结构的研究。方法 基于新型复合泡沫和通孔泡沫铝的2种泡沫填充管，通过万能试验机和落锤冲击系统研究了2种泡沫填充管的静动态力学特性，并运用数值模拟方法研究高g值冲击下等质量的泡沫填充管与夹芯管的加速度缓冲效果和吸能机制。结果 数值模拟所得结构变形和落锤加速度与实验结果较为一致，验证了数值模拟方法的可靠性。复合泡沫平台应力具有显著的应变率效应，其填充管压溃载荷平稳且高于泡沫铝填充管，比泡沫铝填充管体现出更优异的高过载防护性能。等质量的泡沫夹芯管的抗冲击性能优于填充管，2种泡沫填充而成的夹芯管具有相似的高过载防护性能，泡沫材料压缩行为对夹芯管压溃载荷特征的影响低于填充管。结论 所得结果对轻质元器件的高g值缓冲防护有较强的指导意义。

The work aims to strengthen the research on the buffer protection structure of light components to avoid or reduce the damage of high g impact to the light components in the projectile. Static and dynamic mechanical properties of two kinds of foam filled tubes based on novel syntactic foam and open-cell aluminum foam were researched with a universal test machine and a drop-weight impact system. In addition, the acceleration buffering effect and energy absorption mechanism of the equal mass foam filled tubes and sandwich tubes under high g impact were studied by numerical simulation. The structural deformation and acceleration of the drop hammer obtained from numerical simulation were consistent with the experimental results, which verified the reliability of the numerical simulation method. The plateau stress of syntactic foam was obviously sensitive to strain rate. The crushing force of the syntactic foam filled tube was more stable and higher than that of the aluminum foam filled tube, thus produced better high acceleration protection performance. The impact resistance of the foam sandwich tube was better than the foam-filled tube of equal mass. Both aluminum foam and syntactic foam sandwiched tubes showed similar high acceleration protection performance. The effect of the compression behavior of foam on the crushing force of the sandwich tube was lower than that of the foam-filled tube. The result has a strong guiding significance for high g buffer protection of light components.