目的 系统总结目前关于轻型金属合金及其复合层板在超高速冲击载荷作用下的冲击损伤模式和失效机理研究进展。方法 搜集整理大量有关研究文献，从实验技术、轻型合金的超高速冲击下可视性的实验现象，以及高应变率加载条件下材料的微观组织结构演化机理三方面对最新研究进展进行梳理与总结。结论 指出了目前轻型合金超高速冲击性能研究中的不足，并提出了未来研究方向的建议，为该领域轻质防护结构设计未来的研究方向提供了参考。

The work aims to summarize the current research progress on impact damage modes and failure mechanisms of light metal alloys and composite laminates subject to hyper velocity impact loads. A large amount of relevant literature was collected and summarized and the latest research progress was sorted out and summarized from experimental techniques, experimental phenomena of visibility of light alloys under hyper velocity impact, and microstructure evolution mechanism of materials under high strain rate load. The shortcomings of current research on hyper velocity impact properties of light alloys are pointed out and some suggestions are put forward for future research directions, which can provide reference for future research directions of lightweight protective structure design in this field.