目的 获取冷藏运输箱在保鲜运输过程中风速结合货物参数对运输箱内温度变化影响的一般规律。方法 以装载荔枝的冷藏运输箱为研究对象，采用计算流体动力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics)方法建立装载荔枝的考虑荔枝呼吸热和箱体热辐射的冷藏运输箱数值模型，获得箱内温度分布和变化情况。结果 随着箱内进风口风速的增大，荔枝的降温幅度较大，温度变化最显著的位置在每筐堆叠间隙处。当风机风速大于8 m/s时，箱内降温速率变化不显著。在荔枝预冷温度低于10 ℃时，可以提高箱内温度均匀性。在运输2 h内，载质量越大，运输箱内荔枝的平均温度降幅低于1 ℃，但温度均匀性变好。结论 在保鲜运输过程中，风速对运输箱内温度变化有着较大影响，增加货物堆叠时的间隙有利于提高传热效率。提前预冷货物，箱内温度的均匀性变好，增加载质量会增大箱内的热负荷，但是对箱内整体温度变化的影响较小。

The work aims to obtain the general rule of effects of air speed combined with cargo parameters on the temperature change in refrigerated transport tanks during fresh-keeping transport. With refrigerated transport tanks containing litchi as research objects, a numerical model of a refrigerated transport tank containing litchi was established through computational fluid dynamics taking into account the computational heat of respiration and the heat radiation of the tank. The temperature distribution and change in the tank were obtained. With the increase of the speed at the air inlet inside the tank, the cooling range of litchi was obvious, and the most significant temperature change was in the gap between each stack of baskets. When the air speed of the fan was greater than 8 m/s, the cooling rate in the tank had no significant change. When the precooling temperature of litchi was below 10 ℃, the temperature uniformity in the tank can be improved; After 2 h transportation, the more the load, the average temperature drop range of litchi and air in the transport tank was less than 1 ℃, but the temperature uniformity became better. In fresh-keeping transport, the air speed has a great effect on the temperature change in the transport tank. Increasing the clearance of goods stacked is conducive to improving the heat transfer efficiency. If the goods are precooled in advance, the temperature uniformity in the box will be better. Increasing the load will increase the heat load in the tank, but the overall temperature change in the tank is little affected.