目的 针对一款吹塑成型的牛奶包装HDPE瓶易瘪瓶的问题，研究瓶体不同部位的厚度比对HDPE瓶顶部负载的影响，并轻量化设计HDPE瓶。方法 通过3D扫描获得HDPE瓶的3D实体模型，测量瓶体厚度，并在ABAQUS中构建不等壁厚的HDPE瓶壳体有限元模型，通过静压试验验证有限元模型的准确性。仿真分析厚度比对整瓶顶部负载能力的影响，并拓扑优化HDPE瓶材料分布。结果 顶部负载时，有限元模型仿真分析和实验得到的临界载荷和临界位移误差分别为2.49%和5.11%;结合厚度比优化与轻量化分析可知，HDPE瓶单瓶材料用量减少了12 g。结论 考虑了瓶体实际厚度的HDPE瓶有限元模型具有较高的准确度。在设计HDPE瓶时，应关注瓶体各部位的厚度组成，以获得更好的瓶体力学性能。

The work aims to study the effect of thickness ratio of different parts of the bottle on the top load of HDPE bottle aiming at the problem that a blow-molded milk HDPE bottle is easy to collapse, and carry out lightweight design to HDPE bottle. The physical 3D model of HDPE bottle was obtained by 3D scanning and the thickness of the bottle was measured. The finite element model of HDPE bottle shell with different wall thickness was built in ABAQUS, and the accuracy of the finite element model was verified by static pressure test. The effect of thickness ratio on the top load capacity of the whole bottle was simulated and analyzed, and the distribution of HDPE bottle materials was topologically optimized. When the top was loaded, the errors of the critical load and critical displacement obtained by finite element model simulation analysis and experiment were 2.49% and 5.11%, respectively. Combined with the optimization of thickness ratio and lightweight analysis, the amount of HDPE bottle material was reduced by 12 g. The finite element model of HDPE bottle considering the actual thickness of the bottle has high accuracy. For design of HDPE bottle, attention should be paid to the thickness composition of each part of the bottle, so as to obtain better mechanical properties.