目的 针对螺旋喂料器在日常工作中发生物料堵机的工况，分析堵机原因，寻求通过新的螺旋设计方法来缓解物料堵机的形成，提升螺旋喂料器的工作性能。方法 先通过常规定螺距设计方法进行定螺距螺旋结构设计，再利用等角圆锥螺旋线在喂料区进行变径变螺距结构设计，对2种设计结果利用SolidWorks进行建模，将定螺距螺旋模型与变径变螺距螺旋模型分别导入离散元仿真软件EDEM做性能仿真分析。结果 分析结果显示，变径变螺距喂料螺旋与定螺距喂料螺旋相比，喂料区料流均匀，无物料倾斜面形成，相同时间段内物料输送速率显著提升了8.7%，物料质量流率显著提升了12.2%。结论 喂料区变径变螺距的设计有效提高了料流的稳定性，使得喂料区前后料流均匀一致，从源头上解决了螺旋喂料器的堵机问题，同时在相同的设计需求下，提升了螺旋输送的传输效率，对解决螺旋喂料器堵机问题以及变径变螺距螺旋的结构设计具有参考意义。

The work aims to analyze the cause of blocking according to the working condition of material blocking in the daily work of screw feeders, seek new structural improvement methods to alleviate the formation of material blockage and improve the working performance of screw feeders. Firstly, the fixed pitch screw structure was designed through the conventional fixed pitch design method, and then the equiangular conical screw was used to design the variable diameter and variable pitch structure in the feeding area. The two design results were modeled by SolidWorks, and the fixed pitch screw model and variable diameter and variable pitch screw model were respectively imported into the discrete element simulation software EDEM for performance simulation analysis. The analysis results showed that compared with the fixed pitch feeding screw, the feed flow in the feeding area was uniform and there was no formation of material inclined plane. In the same time period, the material conveying rate was significantly increased by 8.7% and the material mass flow rate was significantly increased by 12.2%. The design of variable diameter and variable pitch in the feeding area effectively improves the stability of the material flow, makes the material flow in front and behind the feeding area uniform, solves the machine blocking problem of the screw feeder from the source, and improves the transmission efficiency of the screw conveyor under the same design requirements, which has reference significance for solving the machine blocking problem of the screw feeder and the structural design of the variable diameter and variable pitch screw.