目的 了解国内外乏燃料运输容器减震器的成熟结构形式，分析应用技术的主要特点，整理现有减震器缓冲材料的材料特性和研究现状，为国内减震器设计发展提供一定参考。方法 综述国内外代表性乏燃料运输容器的减震器应用现状，分析现有缓冲材料的优缺点和结构设计方面的注意事项。结果 目前，国内外乏燃料运输容器多采用木材填充的壳式减震器，在填充材料方面，聚氨酯泡沫、蜂窝铝等工程材料也有应用，此外泡沫铝、碳泡沫、双向瓦楞蜂窝铝等新型材料也被研究用作减震器缓冲材料。结论 建议继续增加对新型缓冲材料以及对减震器结构设计的研究，以满足未来国内大型乏燃料运输容器的应用需要，同时建议注重减震器产品的适配性和兼容性，开发系列化产品。

The work aims to learn the mature structural forms of impact limiters for spent fuel transport casks at home and abroad, analyze the main characteristics of application technology, and sort out the material characteristics and research status of existing impact limiters, so as to provide certain reference for the design and development of domestic impact limiters. The application status of impact limiters for representative spent fuel transport casks at home and abroad was summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of existing impact limiters, and the matters needing attention in structural design were analyzed. The shell impact limiters filled with wood were mostly used on the spent fuel transport casks. Polyurethane foam, honeycomb aluminum and other materials were also used as filling materials. In addition, foam aluminum, carbon foam, two-way corrugated honeycomb aluminum and other new materials have also been studied for impact limiters. It is suggested to increase the research on new buffering materials and structural designs of impact limiters to meet the application needs of large domestic spent fuel transport casks in the future. At the same time, the adaptability and compatibility development of impact limiters should be paid attention to and series products should also be developed.