目的 进一步提升聚合物吸能材料的吸能性能，促进聚合物吸能材料的研究与推广应用。方法 在对常见聚合物吸能材料进行分类的基础上，研究国内外聚合物吸能材料的改性效果，系统梳理不同类型聚合物吸能材料的改性方法，明确改性过程中存在的主要问题，对比分析不同改性方法的优缺点。结论 现有聚合物吸能材料在改性剂、制备工艺和改性方法上存在不足，对于改性剂的使用，需针对特定性能选择不同功能的改性剂，并添加合适的相容剂，以解决相容性差的问题。将来还需进一步加强对改性剂和基体相互作用机理的了解，研发新型功能化材料;对于改性方法的选择，需针对不同的加工条件和生产数量选择合适的制备工艺和方法，未来还应探索更多新技术和改性方法，以提高工业化生产速度。

The work aims to further improve the energy absorption performance of polymer energy absorbing materials and promote the research, popularization and application of polymer energy absorbing materials. Based on the classification of common polymer energy absorbing materials, the modification effect of polymer energy absorbing materials commonly used in China and abroad were comprehensively investigated. The modification methods for different types of polymer energy absorbing materials were systematically combed. The main problems in the modification process were identified. The advantages and disadvantages of different modification methods were compared and analyzed. The existing modification of polymer energy absorbing materials have some shortcomings in modifiers, preparation process and modification methods. For the use of modifiers, it is necessary to select modifiers with different functions according to the specific performance to be improved and add appropriate compatibilizers to solve the problem of poor compatibility. In the future, it is necessary to further strengthen the understanding of the interaction mechanism between modifiers and matrix, and develop new functional materials. For the selection of modification methods, appropriate preparation processes and methods should be selected according to different processing conditions and production quantities. In the future, more new technologies and modification methods should be explored to improve the speed of industrial production.