目的 为了保障消费者对生鲜产品的质量安全诉求，设计生鲜水果的产品追溯标识。方法 针对普通二维码易被篡改、伪造等问题，引入数字签名技术，增加算法中素数的数量，同时在签名过程中引入中国剩余定理来提高运算效率，运用中国剩余定理求解包括单基数转换法和混基数转换法，结合费马小定理，分别优化四素数下RSA的签名过程，并对比优化前后的签名时间，最后在python的运行环境下实现算法。结果 优化后的算法签名时间比传统算法平均缩短了83.8%，并且能够抵抗蛮力攻击、选择密文攻击、出错攻击和连分数攻击等对算法中不同对象的攻击。结论 生成了兼顾效率和安全性的防伪追溯码，为消费者购买放心产品提供了保障。

The work aims to design a traceability code of fresh fruits to meet consumers' demands for the quality and safety of fresh products. In view of the problems such as ordinary QR codes being tampered and forged, digital signature technology was introduced to increase the number of primes in the algorithm, and the Chinese residual theorem was applied in the signature process to improve the computation efficiency. The Chinese residual theorem was used to solve the existing single radix conversion method and mixed radix conversion method. Combined with Fermat's little theorem, the signature process of RSA under four primes was optimized respectively, and the signature time before and after optimization was compared. Finally, the algorithm was implemented through the Python test algorithm. The signature time under the optimized algorithm was reduced by 83.8% averagely compared with that under the traditional double prime algorithm. The optimized algorithm could resist brute force attacks, choice cipher-text attacks, error attacks and score attacks on different objects in the algorithm. Thus, an anti-counterfeiting traceability code considering efficiency and security is generated, which also provides assurance for consumers in purchasing products.