目的 制备木基纤维保温包装材料，并提高它的保温性能。方法 以轻质天然木材为原料，通过化学脱木素制备木材纳米纤维多孔材料，再对木材纳米纤维多孔材料表面闭孔处理，制备出木基纤维保温材料。结果 基于瞬态平面热源法，当纤维同向平行放置时，木基纤维保温材料的导热系数为0.019 W/(m.K);当纤维异向交叉放置时，木基纤维保温材料的导热系数为0.023 W/(m.K)，表明开发的这种材料有较好的保温性能。此外根据该种保温材料的缓冲系数–最大应力曲线可知，当最大静应力σm=0.63 MPa时，沿纤维同向平行叠放时，木基纤维保温材料的最小缓冲系数C=3.5;沿纤维异向交叉叠放时，木基纤维保温材料的最小缓冲系数C=4.2，可见保温材料的缓冲性能均与发泡聚苯乙烯(EPS)、发泡聚乙烯(EPE)的缓冲性能相近。结论 制备的轻质木基纤维保温材料兼具较好的保温和缓冲性能，有望用于冷链物流代替塑料保温包装材料。

The work aims to prepare wood-based fiber thermal insulation packaging material and improve its thermal insulation property. Wood nanofiber porous material was made from natural lightweight wood by chemical delignification and then subject to surface close hole processing to obtainwood-based fiber thermal insulation packaging material. Based on transient plane source method, the thermal conductivity of wood-based fiber thermal insulation material was 0.019 W/m.K when fibers were placed in parallel along the same direction, and was 0.023 W/m.K when fibers were placed crosswise along the opposite direction, indicating that the developed material had good thermal insulation property. In addition, according to the buffer coefficient visa maximum stress curve of this thermal insulation material, under the maximum static stress (σm) of 0.63 MPa, the wood-based fiber thermal insulation material had the minimum buffer coefficient (C=3.5) when stacked in parallel along the same direction of fibers, and had the minimum buffer coefficient (C=4.2) when stacked crosswise along the opposite direction of fibers, indicating that its cushioning property was similar to that of EPS and EPE. The lightweight wood-based fiber thermal insulation material prepared has good thermal insulation and cushioning property, which can be used as a substitute of plastic thermal insulation packaging material for cold chain logistics.