目的 为了改善橡胶木吸湿导致的霉变、虫蛀和腐朽等问题，利用改性剂降低橡胶木的吸湿性能，显著改善防霉防腐性能。方法 分别用糠醇、马来酸酐和乙酸酐浸渍处理橡胶木，运用吸湿增重率、动态接触角分析、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)分析等方法研究橡胶木的吸湿性能变化;采用空气杂菌、白腐菌和褐腐菌考察其抗生物劣性。结果 药剂处理能不同程度地降低橡胶木的吸湿性能，糠醇和马来酸酐处理材的吸湿率可降低13.13%~67.18%，乙酸酐处理材的吸湿率先增加后下降。生物抗性结果显示，糠醇能显著提升橡胶木的防霉抑菌性，4 h处理材对白腐菌的抗性比素材的提升了45.92%，对褐腐菌的抗性提升了16.61%;马来酸酐和乙酸酐对微生物的生长也有一定抑制效果。结论 采用马来酸酐、糠醇和乙酸酐浸渍橡胶木降低了游离羟基含量，从而降低了橡胶木吸湿性能，显著改善了防霉防腐性，且糠醇浸渍处理4 h的橡胶木可获得最佳的生物抗性。

The work aim to reduce the moisture absorption properties of rubber wood by virtue of chemical agents to significantly improve the anti-mildew and anti-corrosion properties to solve the problems of mould, insects and decay caused by moisture absorption of rubber wood. In this work, rubber wood was impregnated with furfuryl alcohol, maleic anhydride and acetic anhydride. Its changes of moisture absorption property were tested by moisture absorption weight gain rate, dynamic contact angle analysis and FTIR analysis; the effectiveness of control against biological attack was evaluated by airborne miscellaneous bacteria, white rot and brown rot bacteria. The results showed that the chemical treatment could reduce the moisture absorption of rubber wood to different degrees. The moisture absorption rate of furfuryl alcohol and maleic anhydride treated wood could be reduced by 13.13%-67.18%, while the moisture absorption of acetic anhydride treated wood increased first and then decreased. The biological resistance results showed that furfuryl alcohol could significantly improve the anti-mildew and anti-bacterial properties of rubber wood, and the resistance of 4 h treated wood to white rot fungus increased by 45.92% and to brown rot fungus increased by 16.61%; maleic anhydride and acetic anhydride also had certain inhibitory effect on the growth of microorganisms. Maleic anhydride, furfuryl alcohol and acetic anhydride impregnation of rubber wood reduces the free hydroxyl content and thus reduces the moisture absorption, which significantly improves its anti-mildew and anti-corrosion properties. The the best biological resistance can be obtained by furfuryl alcohol impregnation of rubber wood for 4h.