目的 探究区块链技术在产品溯源和包装防伪上的应用现状，以期为区块链防伪溯源体系的研究和建立提供参考。方法 整理国内外文献，系统分析区块链技术的来源和发展，概述区块链技术在实现防伪溯源上的机理;然后总结在食品包装、电子存证和处方药溯源的相关应用研究。结果 相比传统的防伪和溯源手段，区块链技术解决了防伪标签不可靠和溯源信息不完整等问题，其赋能于食品供应链溯源，不仅依靠分布式存储机制保存电子证据，还将处方药溯源和电子病历相结合，实现全生命周期溯源。结论 区块链技术有效解决消费者对食品安全的信任问题，实现可靠且高效的电子存证，为未来医药一体化打下坚实基础。

The work aims to explore the application status of blockchain technology in product traceability and packaging anti-counterfeiting, in order to provide reference for the research and establishment of blockchain anti-counterfeiting traceability system. Domestic and foreign documents were collated to systematically analyze the source and development of blockchain technology, and outline the mechanism of blockchain technology in realizing anti-counterfeiting traceability. Then, the relevant application research of blockchain technology in food packaging, electronic certificate storage and prescription drug traceability was summarized. Compared with traditional means of anti-counterfeiting and traceability, blockchain technology solved the problems of unreliable anti-counterfeiting labels and incomplete traceability information. It enabled traceability in the food supply chain and not only relied on the distributed storage mechanism to save electronic evidence, but also combined prescription drug traceability with electronic medical records to achieve the traceability throughout the whole life cycle. Blockchain technology can solve the problem of consumers' trust in food safety and achieve reliable and efficient electronic certificate storage, laying a solid foundation for future pharmaceutical integration.