目的 针对啤酒液位控制系统存在PID参数整定难、非线性、滞后性问题，提出一种改进基于邻域的改进差分进化算法，应用于PID参数优化整定中，从而提高灌装机的工作效率和啤酒的质量。方法 文中对差分进化算法进行改进，设计一种新型的变异策略，在变异环节引入邻域搜索操作;根据当前种群的分布情况，实时对邻域的个数进行自适应分配，以提升算法全局和局部搜索能力;与2种基本差分进化算法和4种改进差分进化算法对比，用18个测试函数验证文中所提出算法的性能。结果 仿真结果表明，相较于基本差分进化算法，使用改进的差分进化算法整定的PID参数，调节时间减少0.22 s，上升时间减少0.04 s，超调量降低7.63%。结论 通过改进的差分进化算法对啤酒灌装机液位PID参数的优化整定，可以显著改善控制系统的超调量、上升时间和稳态误差等性能，实现了液位的稳定控制。

The work aims to propose an improved neighborhood based differential evolution algorithm and apply it to PID parameter optimization setting to solve the problems of difficulty, nonlinearity and hysteresis in beer liquid level control system, thus improving the work efficiency of filling machine and the beer quality. The differential evolution algorithm was improved to design a new mutation strategy and introduce the neighborhood search operation in the mutation link. According to the current population distribution, real-time adaptive allocation of the number of neighborhoods was carried out to enhance the global and local search ability of the algorithm. The proposed algorithm was compared with 2 basic differential evolution algorithms and 4 improved differential evolution algorithms and its performance was verified by 18 test functions. From the simulation results, compared with the basic differential evolution algorithm, the PID parameter setting by the improved differential evolution algorithm could reduce the adjustment time by 0.22 s, the rise time by 0.04 s, and the overshoot by 7.63%. Through the improved differential evolution algorithm, the PID parameter setting of the beer filling machine’s liquid level is optimized, which significantly improves the overshoot, rise time and steady-state error of the control system and realizes the stable control of the liquid level.