目的 为提高极限条件下对包装覆膜自适应恒张力的控制效果，基于模糊PID设计了一种新的控制方法。方法 首先通过参数拟合分析建立了包装覆膜的结构力学分析模型，并采用荷载-挠度全曲线拟合方法模拟了包装覆膜力学参数，然后结合区域–合并连续估计方法得到结构参数解析模型。在此基础上，通过外荷载作用力学评估分析，在极限转动刚度作用下，构建了弹塑性力学模型。然后通过极限抗力分析和屈服应力学参数的优化评估，得到抗弯刚度软化模型，继而基于模糊PID控制实现包装覆膜的自适应控制优化。结果 应用该方法后，包装覆膜自适应恒张力的输出稳定性较强，参数寻优能力较好。结论 根据实验结果可知，上述恒张力控制方法具有较好的控制效果。

The work aims to design a new control method based on fuzzy PID to improve the control effect of self-adaptive constant tension under the limit condition. Firstly, the structural mechanical analysis model of the packaging film was established by parameter fitting analysis. The mechanical parameters of the packaging film were simulated by load-deflection curve fitting method. And then the analytical model of the structural parameters was obtained by combining the area-combined continuous estimation method. On this basis, the elastoplastic mechanical model was constructed under the action of ultimate rotational stiffness through mechanical evaluation and analysis of external loads. Then the bending stiffness softening model was obtained after the ultimate resistance analysis and the optimal evaluation of the yield mechanical parameters, and then the adaptive control optimization was realized based on the fuzzy PID control. The simulation results showed that the output stability of the self-adaptive constant tension was stronger and the parameter optimization ability was good. According to the experimental results, the above constant tension control method has good control effect.