目的 为优化印刷滚筒的挠曲变形，有效提升其支承性能，改善印刷滚筒的压力分布。方法 选择预负荷弹性复合圆柱滚子轴承作为变刚度印刷滚筒传动支承部件，基于等效刚度模型计算不同填充度预负荷弹性复合圆柱滚子轴承的刚度，分析预负荷弹性复合圆柱滚子轴承结构参数变化对刚度的影响，构建变刚度印刷滚筒支承系统力学模型，通过有限元仿真分析预负荷弹性复合圆柱滚子轴承刚度对变刚度印刷滚筒印刷压力的影响。结果 结果表明，随着滚动体填充度的增加，预负荷弹性复合圆柱滚子轴承的径向刚度减小，变刚度印刷滚筒挠曲变形不同程度增大，结合疲劳寿命角度综合考虑，选择填充度在45%~50%的预负荷弹性复合圆柱滚子轴承作为印刷滚筒的弹性支承，其最大挠曲变形量较普通圆柱滚子轴承平均下降了9.5%。结论 在保证了疲劳寿命的前提下，有效改善了印刷滚筒压力分布的均匀性，提升了印刷质量。

The work aims to optimize the deflection deformation of printing cylinder to effectively enhance the support performance and improve the pressure distribution of printing cylinder. The preloaded elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing (PECCRB) was selected as the transmission support component for variable stiffness printing cylinder. Based on the equivalent stiffness model, the stiffness of PECCRB with different filling degree was calculated, and the effect of structural parameters of PECCRB on stiffness was analyzed. Besides, the mechanical model of variable stiffness printing cylinder support system was constructed, and the effect of PECCRB stiffness on the printing pressure of variable stiffness printing cylinder was analyzed by finite element simulation. The results showed that with the increase of the filling degree of the rolling element, the radial stiffness of the PECCRB decreased and the deflection deformation of the variable stiffness printing cylinder increased in varying degree. Considering the fatigue life, the PECCRB with the filling degree of 45% ~ 50% was selected as the elastic support of the printing cylinder. In addition, compared with ordinary cylindrical roller bearings, the maximum deflection of printing cylinder with PECCRB was reduced by 9.5%. On the premise of ensuring the fatigue life, the uniformity of pressure distribution of printing cylinder is effectively improved and the printing quality is enhanced.