目的 为了实现钢桶轻量化设计，对考虑流固耦合的钢桶进行跌落仿真分析，在保证其抗跌落性能的条件下，对钢桶关键结构进行优化设计。方法 以210 L钢桶为例，利用Ansys Workbench建立有限元模型，进行垂直跌落、棱跌落和角跌落等3种工况下的仿真分析;建立优化设计模型，进行多目标优化设计。结果 得到钢桶在3种工况下的总变形量和等效应力情况，并发现钢桶跌落时的薄弱位置位于底部和环筋处，且在角跌落工况下受到的总变形量和等效应力最大;通过改变钢桶的壁厚和环筋距离进行多目标优化设计，得出优化设计点，当壁厚设置为1.1 mm，环筋位置对称且均为233.17 mm时，能够减小钢桶的重量并保证其抗跌落性能。结论 通过对钢桶进行跌落强度流固耦合仿真分析和多目标优化设计，获得满足结构强度、减少材料用量的优化结构，降低了包装成本，为包装产品轻量化设计提供理论支持和设计参考。

The work aims to conduct drop simulation analysis of steel drum considering fluid-structure interaction and optimize the key structure of steel drum under the condition of ensuring its anti-drop performance, so as to realize lightweight design of the steel drum. With 210 L steel drum as an example, Ansys Workbench was used to establish a finite element model to conduct drop simulation analysis under three working conditions including vertical drop, edge drop and corner drop. Its optimal design model was established, and multi-objective optimal design was carried out. The total deformation and equivalent stress of the steel drum under three working conditions were obtained. It was found that the weak positions of the steel drum were at the bottom and the ring bars, and the maximum deformation and stress were obtained under the corner drop condition. Multi-objective optimization design was carried out by changing the wall thickness of the steel drum and the distance of the ring bars, and the optimal design point was obtained. When the wall thickness was set to 1.1 mm and the positions of ring bars were symmetrical and all 233.17 mm, the weight of the steel drum could be reduced and its drop resistance could be guaranteed. Through the drop strength fluid-structure interaction simulation analysis and multi-objective optimization design of the steel drum, an optimized structure that meets structural strength and reduces material consumption is obtained, which reduces packaging costs and provides theoretical support and design reference for lightweight design of packaging products.